雷纳德

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雷纳德

Société anonyme des avions et moteurs Renard · Constructions Aéronautiques G. Renard

Two Brussels brothers who built the only Second World War combat aircraft designed and built entirely in Belgium, a pressurised airliner that crashed on its first flight, and a fighter the Hurricane displaced.

1925创立
已停业地位
7记录在案的飞机
国家比利时创立1925创始人Alfred Renard, Georges Renard (joined 1928)总部Brussels (Evere airfield)地位已停业
故事

Renard: the company and the aircraft that made its name

A pedal-powered beginning

Alfred Renard, born in Anderlecht in 1895, tried at 17 to win a Peugeot prize for muscle-powered flight with a winged bicycle built with his brother Georges. It failed, but he became an aeronautical engineer, co-founded the Stampe et Vertongen trainer partnership, the RSV in its designs standing for Renard-Stampe-Vertongen, and in 1925 set up his own company in Brussels to build aero engines of 100 to 240 hp. One Renard engine powered the second version of Belgium’s first helicopter, built by Nicolas Florine. In 1928 Georges joined and the firm became Constructions Aéronautiques G. Renard.

The R.31: Belgium’s own warplane

Renard’s best-known aircraft was the R.31, a Kestrel-engined parasol reconnaissance monoplane first flown from Evere on 16 October 1932. In 1934 the Belgian Air Force ordered 28, six from Renard and the rest from SABCA. Pilots disliked its tendency to flat-spin and aerobatics were banned, yet in May 1940 the survivors flew 54 reconnaissance sorties against the German invasion. It was the only operational Second World War military aircraft entirely designed and built in Belgium.

Fighters and an airliner ahead of their time

Renard also aimed high. The three-engined R.35, a pressurised 20-seat airliner for SABENA’s Congo routes, took off unexpectedly during a taxi demonstration at Evere on 1 April 1938 and crashed, killing pilot Georges Van Damme. The R.36 fighter, first flown on 5 November 1937, won a provisional order for 40, but after the prototype crashed in January 1939 Belgium chose to licence-build the Hawker Hurricane instead. The Merlin-powered R.38 reached 545 km/h before the German invasion ended Renard. Alfred later managed Stampe et Renard until 1970.

Two Brussels brothers who built the only Second World War combat aircraft designed and built entirely in Belgium, a pressurised airliner that crashed on its first flight, and a fighter the Hurricane displaced.Renard · verified 2026-10-03
一览

Renard in numbers

公司

简而言之
Founded 1925

  • Founded in Brussels by Alfred Renard as an aero-engine maker
  • Renamed Constructions Aéronautiques G. Renard when Georges joined in 1928
  • Ended by the German invasion of 1940

生产

最出名的是
雷纳德 R.31

  • 34 R.31 reconnaissance aircraft (with SABCA)
  • Epervier, R.36, R.37 and R.38 fighter prototypes
  • R.35 pressurised airliner prototype

今天

现在
已停业

  • Alfred Renard co-ran Stampe et Renard from 1947 to 1970

Alfred Renard died in 1988.

这些数字

Renard R.31 built
34 (32 for the Belgian Air Force per text)
R.31 reconnaissance sorties, May 1940
54
R.36 provisional order (cancelled)
401938
飞机

Every notable Renard aircraft

飞机 角色 首航 建造 地位 笔记
Renard Epervier 战斗机原型 1928 2 已退休 All-metal; first prototype lost in a flat spin
雷纳德 R.31 Reconnaissance / army co-operation 1932 34 已退休 Most built by SABCA; fought in May 1940
Renard R.32 Reconnaissance prototype 1 已退休 R.31 conversion with enclosed canopy and radial engine
Renard R.36 战斗机原型 1937 1 已退休 Crashed 17 January 1939; order switched to the Hurricane
Renard R.35 Pressurised airliner prototype 1938 1 已退休 Destroyed on its first flight
Renard R.37 战斗机原型 1 已退休 Gnome-Rhône radial; captured by Germany 1940
Renard R.38 战斗机原型 1939 1 已退休 Merlin II; reached 545 km/h
地点、人物、记录

Where Renard built, who led it, what it achieved

工厂

  • Evere · Evere airfield, Brussels — Flight testing of the R.31 and R.35

人们

  • Alfred Renard · founder and chief designer (1895–1988) — Also chief engineer at the Belgian defence ministry
  • Georges Renard · co-founder from 1928
  • Georges Van Damme · test pilot — Killed in the R.35 crash, 1938

纪录和第一

  • Only operational Second World War military aircraft entirely designed and built in Belgium: the R.31
时间线

Renard, year by year

1925

Alfred Renard founds an aircraft and engine company in Brussels

1928

Georges Renard joins; Epervier fighter flies

1932

R.31 first flight at Evere

1934

Belgian Air Force orders 28 R.31s

1937

R.36 fighter first flight

1938

R.35 airliner crashes on its first flight

1939

R.36 prototype crash; Hurricane chosen instead

1940

R.31s fly 54 sorties against the German invasion

问答

Everything people ask about Renard

What was the Renard R.31?
A Belgian parasol-wing reconnaissance monoplane of 1932, the only Second World War combat aircraft entirely designed and built in Belgium.
Why did Belgium not adopt the Renard R.36?
After the prototype crashed in January 1939, the order went to licence production of the Hawker Hurricane by SABCA.
Did Renard build a pressurised airliner?
Yes, the R.35 for SABENA, which crashed on its first flight in 1938.
Is Renard connected to Stampe?
Alfred Renard co-founded the Stampe et Vertongen designs and later managed Stampe et Renard.

继续参观

Around Renard

比利时Stampe et VertongenTwo Antwerp pilots built a little biplane of which they made only 35 before the war, yet more than a thousand were eventually built, and two Belgian pilots used one to…Read the Stampe et Vertongen page比利时南非广播公司Belgium’s aircraft maker of record for a century, SABCA built its own airliners between the wars, then licence-built a parade of NATO fighters and assembled 164…Read the SABCA page指数所有飞机制造商所有制造过现役和历史上曾被空军使用过的飞机的公司。.打开列表
参考资料及延伸阅读

所有事实均已核实

已验证 2026-10-03。.