Todas las guerras en las que ha luchado la Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana
Nigerian air strikes have repeatedly killed civilians, from the bombing of Biafran markets, schools and hospitals to the camp for displaced people at Rann in January 2017, where MSF counted about 90 dead and the ISS later cited 112; each toll is given with the source that reports it, and insurgent fighters killed are the air force’s own claims and are not repeated. The December 2023 strike at Tudun Biri was by a Nigerian Army drone, not the air force. In Benin in December 2025, Wikipedia’s summary of media reports says President Talon asked for Nigeria’s help, and Benin’s government said its own forces had foiled the coup. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it is given here; where accounts disagree, the range is shown and the disagreement named. Blank cells are blank because no figure could be verified, not because the fighting was small.
From the Biafran war of 1967 to the strikes on coup plotters in Benin in December 2025.
| Conflicto | Años | Contra | Avión principal | Salidas | Avión perdido | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| La guerra civil nigerianathe Biafran warFuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 1967–1970 | Biafra | MiG-17, MiG-15UTI, Il-28y 1 más | |||
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Bombed and strafed Biafran forces and towns, attacked the Uli airstrip and the relief airlift, and supported the federal ground offensives. Nigeria had no combat aircraft when the war began on 6 July 1967. After Biafran raids, Soviet MiG-17s reached Kano via Egypt from 13 August 1967, with Il-28 bombers based at Calabar and Port Harcourt. Wikipedia says about 200 Soviet technicians came with the MiGs and that Egyptian pilots flew them. Bombing of Biafran markets, schools and hospitals was widely reported abroad and, in Wikipedia’s summary, helped win Biafra international sympathy. By spring 1969 European contract pilots had replaced the Egyptians. Biafra fought back with a small mercenary-flown force of B-25s, B-26s and Swedish MFI-9B light aircraft led by Carl Gustaf von Rosen and others, and depended on a night airlift into Uli that Nigerian aircraft attacked. Resultado Federal victory; Biafra surrendered on 15 January 1970. The number of MiG-17s (8 to 17) and the identity of foreign pilots rest on secondary sources cited by Wikipedia; casualty figures from the bombing of civilians are not given here because no reliable count was found.
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| ECOMOG en Liberiathe First Liberian Civil WarFuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 1990–1998 | National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) | Alpha Jet, C-130H | 0 | ||
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Close air support, interdiction and anti-shipping strikes against Charles Taylor’s NPFL for the ECOWAS force; airlift. Nigeria provided about 7,000 of ECOMOG’s 11,000 troops and more than 70 per cent of its cost. Four Alpha Jets deployed in 1990 and hit Charles Taylor’s headquarters, convoys, shipping and gun positions at the airport; the New York Times judged that they gave ECOMOG a decisive firepower advantage, as quoted by Wikipedia. In 1992 six aircraft under ECOMOG command flew about 3,000 missions, including bridge denial and night raids. Resultado ECOMOG completed its withdrawal from Liberia by the end of 1998. Sortie figures come from Wikipedia’s Alpha Jet article and were not checked against a primary source.
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| ECOMOG en Sierra Leonathe Sierra Leone Civil WarFuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 1997–2000 | Armed Forces Revolutionary Council and Revolutionary United Front (RUF) | Alpha Jet | |||
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Air strikes for the Nigerian-led ECOMOG force against the AFRC junta and the RUF, including the defence of Freetown in January 1999. ECOMOG deployed to Sierra Leone in 1997. In 1998 ECOMOG aircraft forced down a helicopter carrying the former junta leader Johnny Paul Koroma, per Wikipedia. Human Rights Watch’s July 1999 report records that during the rebel attack on Freetown in January 1999 ECOMOG jets bombed a column of civilians whom rebels were using as human shields, and that ECOMOG’s commander said troops had been told to “kill everything” if human shields were used again. Resultado No se detalla en las fuentes consultadas. End year approximate and not confirmed in the sources checked. HRW does not name the aircraft type; the Alpha Jet attribution follows the air force’s known deployment. Casualties of the Freetown bombing are not given by HRW in the passage checked.
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| Contrainsurgencia en el noresteBoko Haram and ISWAP; Operation Hadin KaiFuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 2013– | Boko Haram (JAS) y Estado Islámico de la Provincia de África Occidental (ISWAP) | Alpha Jet, F-7NI, A-29 Super Tucanoy 7 más | |||
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Air strikes, close air support, surveillance and airlift against Boko Haram (JAS) and Islamic State West Africa Province. Air power became central after 2013, and the authors of a 2025 study in The Conversation credit it with locating and destroying many insurgent camps. It also produced the service’s worst mistake. On 17 January 2017 an air force aircraft bombed the camp for displaced people at Rann, Borno, during an aid distribution: MSF counted about 90 dead and said the toll might reach 170; the ISS later cited 112 killed and 97 injured. The military’s inquiry blamed the lack of markings on the camp. The ISS also lists 17 killed at Sakotoku, Damboa, on 13 April 2020. The air force now says civilian harm mitigation is embedded in its doctrine. Resultado Continuo. Insurgent fighters killed are the air force’s own claims and are not repeated here. Civilian tolls differ by source and are attributed.
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| Operaciones contra bandas armadas en los estados del noroeste y centro-norte.the banditry crisisFuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 2021– | Armed bandit groups and Lakurawa | Alpha Jet, A-29 Super Tucano, Mi-35y 1 más | 1 | ||
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Air strikes and surveillance against armed criminal gangs (“bandits”) and, from 2024, the Lakurawa group. Mistaken strikes have followed the air war west. ISS lists six children killed at Kurebe, Niger State, in April 2022 and a death at Kunkuna, Katsina, in July 2022, and 37 killed in Doma, Nasarawa, in January 2023. Wikipedia’s list, citing media and SBM Intelligence, adds more than 60 at Daban Masara in 2021, 64 at Mutumji in December 2022, more than ten in Sokoto in December 2024 and 16 in Zamfara in January 2025, and SBM’s total of over 400 civilians killed in such incidents between 2017 and 2025. The December 2023 strike at Tudun Biri, Kaduna, which ISS reports caused 120 casualties, was by a Nigerian Army drone, not the air force. Resultado Continuo. Start year is that of the earliest incident in the sources checked; operations began earlier. Several incident figures come from Wikipedia’s summary of media reports and were not checked against the original reports; the air force has not published its own tally.
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| ECOWAS intervention in the GambiaECOMIGFuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 2017 | Forces loyal to Yahya Jammeh | 0 | |||
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Air support for the ECOWAS force that entered the Gambia to install President Adama Barrow. ECOWAS forces entered the Gambia on 19 January 2017 at the request of Adama Barrow, sworn in that day at the Gambian embassy in Dakar. Nigeria contributed air and sea support. Jammeh left two days later without a fight in the capital. defenceWeb’s 2025 profile lists about 200 Nigerian personnel still with ECOMIG. Resultado Jammeh left the country on 21 January 2017; Barrow returned on 26 January.
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| Intervention against the Benin coup attempt7 December 2025Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana | 2025 | Military Committee for Refoundation (coup plotters) | A-29 Super Tucano | 0 | ||
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Air strikes and armed patrols over Cotonou against the soldiers who had announced President Patrice Talon’s removal. On 7 December 2025 soldiers calling themselves the Military Committee for Refoundation announced on state television that President Talon had been removed. President Tinubu ordered Nigerian fighter jets to “take over the airspace to help dislodge the coup plotters from the National TV and a military camp”, and defenceWeb reported that Nigerian Air Force aircraft carried out strikes in Benin that day. Tinubu said the forces “acted within the ambit of the ECOWAS Protocol on Democracy and Good Governance”. Benin’s government said its own forces had foiled the attempt. ECOWAS then deployed troops from Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana. Resultado The coup attempt failed; Benin reported 14 arrests.
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Cada cifra, verificada
- Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana: HistoriaIdea surgida en 1961 tras el transporte aéreo de tropas nigerianas por fuerzas aéreas extranjeras para el Congo y Tanganica; Ley del Parlamento de 1964; reclutamiento desde junio de 1962; cadetes formados en Etiopía, Canadá e India; asistencia técnica alemana desde 1963; MiG-15 y MiG-17 adquiridos durante la guerra civil; expansión entre 1981 y 1990; Decreto 105 del 23 de agosto de 1994; seis comandos; F-7NI, ATR 42 MPA y helicópteros Agusta alrededor de 2010; mantenimiento de la paz en Líbano (1978-1982), Chad (1983), Yugoslavia, Somalia, Ruanda, Liberia y Sierra Leona.
- Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana: La NAF y Amnistía Internacional refuerzan su colaboración en materia de protección de civiles (septiembre de 2026)El vicemariscal del aire Edward Gabkwet afirma que la mitigación de los daños a la población civil "está integrada en la doctrina de la Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana y se incorpora a la planificación y conducción de las operaciones aéreas".
- defenceWeb: Perfil militar africano: Nigeria (Armand Liebenberg, 5 de diciembre de 2025, actualizado el 28 de mayo de 2026)Fuerzas armadas 135.000, de los cuales 15.000 son fuerzas aéreas; presupuesto de defensa para 2024 N1.647,9 mil millones (aproximadamente US$1.10 mil millones, 0,70 por ciento del PIB); inventario de la fuerza aérea incl. Mi-24/35 26, T129 2 (+4), C-130 4, CH-3 2, CH-4 4, Wing Loong II 2; estructura de mando; “décadas de abandono, que dejaron a gran parte de la fuerza en tierra”.
- defenceWeb: Los Super Tucano nigerianos alcanzan las 10 000 horas de vuelo (agosto de 2024)10.000 horas en aproximadamente tres años, más de 8.500 en misiones operativas, "sin ningún incidente grave".
- The Conversation vía defenceWeb: África Occidental es el nuevo epicentro mundial del terrorismo: Nigeria está ampliando su fuerza aérea en respuesta (Oyewole, Okpaleke y Ojewale, 6 de agosto de 2025).18.000 efectivos y 61 aeronaves con capacidad de combate en 2024; A-29 a US$496 millones; préstamo de US$618 millones aprobado en octubre de 2024; críticas por ataques accidentales.
- defenceWeb: Otro F-7Ni nigeriano perdido en un accidente (17 de julio de 2023)El FT-7NI se perdió en Makurdi el 14 de julio de 2023; ambos pilotos se eyectaron. Pérdidas anteriores: 2011 (dos), 2012, 2015 y una colisión en el aire en 2018 (dos aeronaves, un piloto fallecido). Se entregaron 12 F-7NI y 3 FT-7NI entre 2009 y 2010; Chengdu donó otro FT-7NI.
- defenceWeb (Reuters): Un ataque de bandidos derriba un avión de la fuerza aérea nigeriana; el piloto sobrevive (20 de julio de 2021)El avión Alpha Jet se perdió el 18 de julio de 2021 en la frontera entre Zamfara y Kaduna; el piloto Abayomi Dairo se eyectó; la Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana (NAF) declaró que "fue objeto de intenso fuego enemigo, lo que provocó su accidente"; Reuters no pudo verificar la información.
- defenceWeb (Reuters): Aumenta el número de muertos por el ataque aéreo en un campamento de refugiados nigeriano (23 de enero de 2017)Médicos Sin Fronteras (MSF): alrededor de 90 muertos, posiblemente hasta 170 según residentes y líderes comunitarios; un avión sobrevoló la zona dos veces y lanzó dos bombas durante una operación de distribución de ayuda; la Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana (NAF) lo calificó de accidental.
- defenceWeb (Reuters): El campo de refugiados nigeriano atacado por el bombardeo aéreo no figuraba en los mapas – militares (21 de julio de 2017)Investigación militar: “La principal razón que provocó el desafortunado ataque aéreo cerca del campamento de desplazados internos en Rann fue la falta de señalización adecuada de la zona.”
- ISS Africa vía defenceWeb: Los errores militares de Nigeria le costaron la vida a sus civiles (13 de diciembre de 2023)Tudun Biri, 5 de diciembre de 2023, dron del Ejército nigeriano, se reportaron 120 bajas; Rann, 112 muertos y 97 heridos; otros ataques de la Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana 2020–2022; recuento de Punch de más de 425 muertos por bombardeos accidentales 2017–2023.
- defenceWeb: Fracasa el intento de golpe de Estado del fin de semana en Benín; la CEDEAO despliega tropas (8 de diciembre de 2025)Aviones de la Fuerza Aérea Nigeriana fueron atacados en Benín el 7 de diciembre de 2025; declaraciones del presidente Tinubu y del ministro del Interior de Benín.
- Human Rights Watch: Sierra Leona: Impunidad ante asesinatos, mutilaciones y violaciones (julio de 1999), sección sobre los abusos de ECOMOGAviones de ECOMOG bombardearon una columna de civiles utilizados como escudos humanos en Freetown en enero de 1999; respuesta del comandante de ECOMOG.
Cifras verificadas el 1 de octubre de 2026. Back to the Nigerian Air Force.