佩特利亚科夫

战斗序列 · 飞机制造商 · Soviet Union

佩特利亚科夫

V. M. Petlyakov Design Bureau · OKB Petlyakova · KB-100

Its chief designer drew the Soviet Union’s most important bomber of the war while a prisoner of the NKVD, was freed when it flew, and died in one of his own aircraft barely a year later.

1940创立
已停业地位
4记录在案的飞机
1空军驾驶其机型
照片：Aeroprints.com / Wikimedia Commons（CC BY-SA 3.0）
国家苏联创立1940创始人Vladimir Mikhailovich Petlyakov总部Plant No. 22, Kazan地位已停业
故事

Petlyakov: the company and the aircraft that made its name

Designing behind bars

In October 1937 Vladimir Petlyakov, the man running Tupolev’s heavy-bomber brigade, was arrested with Andrei Tupolev and the whole TsAGI leadership on invented charges of sabotage and espionage. Many colleagues were shot. Petlyakov was too useful: after months in prison he was sent to an NKVD sharashka, a prison design office, and put in charge of a team called STO, later KB-100. On May Day 1940, his new VI-100 high-altitude fighter flew over Red Square while Petlyakov and his team watched from the roof of their prison.

From fighter to dive bomber

The VI-100 was what the air force had asked for, but not what it needed. The war in Finland and the success of the German Stuka changed priorities, and in May 1940 Lavrentiy Beria ordered it turned into a dive bomber, with freedom promised on success. The result, first flown on 15 December 1940 at Plant No. 39, was the Pe-2. Petlyakov was released, given a Stalin Prize in 1941, and evacuated with production to Kazan. Between 11,070 and about 11,400 Pe-2s were built, depending on the count, plus 360 Pe-3 heavy fighters.

The Pawn and the Berlin bomber

Petlyakov’s name also went on the TB-7, the four-engined bomber his Tupolev brigade had designed in the mid-1930s and the only four-engined bomber the USSR built during the war; it bombed Berlin in August 1941. Only 93 were made. On 12 January 1942, flying to Moscow in a Pe-2 to argue with the aviation ministry about falling production standards in Kazan, Petlyakov was killed when the aircraft crashed in low cloud near Arzamas. The TB-7 was renamed Pe-8 in his honour, and the bureau’s work on the Pe-2 continued under his successors, including Vladimir Myasishchev.

Its chief designer drew the Soviet Union’s most important bomber of the war while a prisoner of the NKVD, was freed when it flew, and died in one of his own aircraft barely a year later.Petlyakov · verified 2026-10-03
一览

Petlyakov in numbers

公司

简而言之
Design bureau from 1940

  • Grew out of KB-100, an NKVD prison design office, 1938–1940
  • Petlyakov appointed chief designer at Plant No. 39, Moscow, in 1940
  • Evacuated to Kazan in late 1941
  • Led after Petlyakov’s death in 1942 by successors including Myasishchev

生产

最出名的是
Pe-2俯冲轰炸机

  • Pe-2: 11,070–11,400 built (sources differ)
  • Pe-3 heavy fighter: 360 built
  • Pe-8 heavy bomber: 93 built
  • VI-100 high-altitude fighter prototype

今天

现在
已停业

  • Taganrog aviation college and streets in Kazan, Taganrog and Moscow bear Petlyakov’s name
  • Pe-2s preserved at Monino and elsewhere

这些数字

Pe-2 built
11,070–11,400 (sources differ)1940–1945
Pe-3 built
3601941–1944
Pe-8 built
931936–1944
飞机

Every notable Petlyakov aircraft

佩特利亚科夫 Pe-2Dive bomber · first flight 1940 · 11,070–11,400 built

图片：美国空军 · 公共领域

飞机 角色 首航 建造 地位 笔记
Petlyakov Pe-8 (TB-7, ANT-42) Four-engine heavy bomber 1936 93 已退休 Designed by Petlyakov’s brigade at Tupolev; bombed Berlin in August 1941
Petlyakov VI-100 High-altitude fighter prototype 1940 已退休 Pressurised cabin and turbo-superchargers; basis of the Pe-2
佩特利亚科夫 Pe-2 俯冲轰炸机 1940 11,070–11,400 已退休 Nicknamed Peshka (Pawn); NATO name Buck
Petlyakov Pe-3 Heavy and night fighter 1941 360 已退休 Developed after German night raids on Moscow in July 1941
谁驾驶它们

Petlyakov aircraft in the world’s air forces

1 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew Petlyakov types. 其中 0 辆仍在服役。.

空军 在服役 以前飞过
波兰空军 佩特利亚科夫 Pe-2
地点、人物、记录

Where Petlyakov built, who led it, what it achieved

工厂

  • Plant No. 39 · Moscow — Where Petlyakov became chief designer in 1940 and the Pe-2 first flew
  • Plant No. 22 · Kazan — Main Pe-2 production plant
  • Plant No. 124 · Kazan — Pe-8 and Pe-2 production

人们

  • Vladimir Petlyakov · chief designer, 1891–1942 — Arrested 1937, released 1940, Stalin Prize 1941, killed in a Pe-2 crash 1942
  • Vladimir Myasishchev · designer — Designed improved Pe-2 variants after Petlyakov’s death
  • Andrei Tupolev · Petlyakov’s mentor and former chief at TsAGI

纪录和第一

  • Pe-8: the only four-engined bomber built by the USSR during the Second World War
时间线

Petlyakov, year by year

1934

Petlyakov’s brigade tasked with the TB-7 (ANT-42) long-range bomber

1936

TB-7 prototype first flight

1937

Petlyakov arrested with Tupolev and the TsAGI leadership

1938

Heads the STO (later KB-100) prison design team

1940

VI-100 shown over the May Day parade

1940

Ordered to convert the VI-100 into a dive bomber

1940

Pe-2 first flight

1941

Petlyakov awarded the Stalin Prize; production evacuated to Kazan

1941

TB-7s bomb Berlin

1942

Petlyakov killed in a Pe-2 crash near Arzamas; TB-7 renamed Pe-8

家谱

Before and after Petlyakov

早于图波列夫Petlyakov led Tupolev’s heavy-aircraft brigade until his arrest in 1937; the Pe-8 began thereRead the Tupolev page
问答

Everything people ask about Petlyakov

Who was Vladimir Petlyakov?
A Soviet aircraft designer (1891–1942) who designed the Pe-2 dive bomber while imprisoned by the NKVD.
How many Pe-2s were built?
Between 11,070 and about 11,400 depending on the source, plus 360 Pe-3 fighter versions.
How did Petlyakov die?
In the crash of a Pe-2 near Arzamas on 12 January 1942, flying from Kazan to Moscow.
Why is the Pe-8 named after Petlyakov?
It was designed by his brigade as the TB-7 and renamed Pe-8 after his death in 1942.

继续参观

Around Petlyakov

俄罗斯米尔一位西伯利亚铁路工人的儿子，从旋翼机起家，创建了历史上产量最高的直升机和起重能力最强的旋翼机的设计局……阅读 Mil 页面俄罗斯米高扬1939年，两名工程师接手了一架来自一个声名狼藉的竞争对手的战斗机，并以此为基础建立了一个设计局，该设计局的缩写后来成为西方对任何苏联喷气式飞机的代名词——超过11000架……阅读米高扬的页面指数所有飞机制造商所有制造过现役和历史上曾被空军使用过的飞机的公司。.打开列表
参考资料及延伸阅读

所有事实均已核实

已验证 2026-10-03。.