Douglas A-26 Invader — History, Specs & Stories

Douglas A-26 Invader attack bomber flying low over an airfield
Aircraft Museum · Attack Bomber · A-26 Invader

Douglas A-26 / B-26
“Invader”

The fast twin-engine attack bomber that fought in three American wars — World War II, Korea and Vietnam — and confused everyone by wearing two different names along the way.

10 July 1942First flight · Douglas, Ed Heinemann
~2,500Built · 1943–1945
Three warsWWII · Korea · Vietnam
~570 km/hTop speed · 2× R-2800
Photo: U.S. Air Force · public domain
RoleAttack bomber & light bomberEraWWII – VietnamMotor2 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double WaspOriginUSA · DouglasStatusRetired (warbirds fly)Can you still fly an Invader?
Het verhaal

One airframe, two names, three wars

When the Douglas team under Ed Heinemann laid out the A-26 in 1941, the brief was simple: build a twin-engine attack bomber faster, tougher and harder-hitting than the A-20 Havoc it was meant to replace. The prototype XA-26 first flew on 10 July 1942, and it delivered — a clean, fast machine wrapped around two Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp radials, able to touch roughly 570 km/h and carry a heavy bomb load with, in its gun-nose form, a punishing battery of forward-firing .50-calibre machine guns.

The Invader reached combat late — the first missions over Europe came in 1944 — but it arrived in two very different guises. The “glass-nose” A-26C carried a bombardier for level bombing; the “gun-nose” A-26B traded him for six or eight fixed .50-calibre guns and went in low as a strafer. It served with the Ninth Air Force over Germany and in the Pacific, and by VJ-Day it was regarded as one of the best light bombers of the war.

Then came the confusion that has dogged the type ever since. In 1948, after the Martin B-26 Marauder was retired, the USAF reused the designation and the A-26 became the B-26 — so the same aircraft that fought WWII as the A-26 flew the Korean War as the B-26. There it found its signature mission: night interdiction, prowling alone in the dark over North Korean roads and rail lines, hunting trucks and trains until an armistice in 1953.

Officially retired in 1958, the Invader refused to die. When the United States needed a rugged piston-engine attack aircraft for the counter-insurgency war in Southeast Asia, it came back — first as tired WWII airframes flown covertly under Project Farm Gate, then, after wing-fatigue groundings, as the extensively rebuilt On Mark B-26K “Counter-Invader.” Flying from Thailand under the call-sign “Nimrod,” the B-26K became a feared truck-killer over the Ho Chi Minh Trail until 1969. Along the way the type also flew for the CIA at the Bay of Pigs in 1961 and for Frankrijk in Indochina and Algeria — making the Invader one of very few aircraft types to see combat in all three of the mid-century American wars.

Its final career was civilian: surplus Invaders became fast fire-bombers and executive conversions in the 1960s and 70s, until a run of wing-spar fatigue failures grounded many and thinned the survivors. Even so, a handful still fly today as lovingly kept warbirds.

The same aircraft fought World War II as the A-26 and the Korean War as the B-26 — and nobody has stopped explaining it since.The Invader’s identity problem — A-26 becomes B-26, 1948
01The Douglas A-26 Invader’s three wars: how one design outlived its own era

Very few combat aircraft fought in World War II, Korea En Vietnam. The Invader did all three — not as a museum curiosity dragged out of storage, but as a front-line weapon each time. In 1944–45 it was a fast Ninth Air Force attack bomber over Europe. Renamed B-26 in 1948, it flew the Korean War’s lonely night-interdiction campaign, and USAF crews flew the war’s last bombing sortie in an Invader minutes before the 1953 armistice. A decade later, rebuilt as the B-26K, it was killing trucks on the Ho Chi Minh Trail. That longevity came from a simple truth: for hunting soft targets at low level, day or night, a rugged, heavily armed piston twin with long endurance was hard to beat — and nothing in the jet age quite replaced it until the dedicated gunships and the A-1 Skyraider took over the role.


Design & Engineering

What makes it special

01

A fast twin with a shotgun for a nose

The A-26 paired two 2,000-hp R-2800 Double Wasp radials with a clean, laminar-flow wing, giving it roughly 570 km/h — fast for a WWII attack bomber. The gun-nose A-26B then bolted on six or eight fixed .50-calibre guns firing straight ahead; with optional under-wing and turret guns, some configurations mounted up to ten to fourteen .50-cals, on top of a 1,800 kg internal bomb load. It could strafe, skip-bomb and level-bomb from the same airframe.

02

Three wars — and a total rebuild as the B-26K

By the 1960s the surviving WWII airframes were dangerously fatigued. On Mark Engineering answered with the B-26K Counter-Invader: rebuilt fuselage and tail, strengthened wing, uprated 2,500-hp engines, reversible propellers, wingtip tanks and eight wing pylons roughly doubling the ordnance load. It was effectively a new aircraft inside an old shape, and it let a 1943 design fight credibly in 1968.

03

The night-interdiction and COIN specialist

The Invader’s enduring niche was hunting alone in the dark. Over Korea, gloss-black B-26s flew solo night-intruder sorties against truck convoys and trains. Over Laos, B-26K “Nimrods” did the same on the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Long endurance, a heavy and varied weapons fit, and a crew to work the targets made it one of the best counter-insurgency (COIN) attack aircraft of its day.

02The A-26 vs B-26 designation: why the Invader has two names

There were two completely different American “B-26s.” The first was the Martin B-26 Marauder, a WWII medium bomber. The second was the Douglas Invader — built as the A-26 under the old “A” (attack) category. When the USAF dropped the separate attack category and the Martin Marauder was withdrawn, the Invader was redesignated B-26 in 1948, inheriting the very number its predecessor had just vacated. So a “B-26” in 1944 is a Martin Marauder; a “B-26” in 1951 is a Douglas Invader. Douglas re-adopted the “A-26” label again in Vietnam for political reasons — the B-26K was briefly re-styled A-26A so it could be based in Thailand, where “bombers” were not welcome. Few aircraft have generated as much honest confusion.

03The On Mark B-26K Counter-Invader: rebuilding a WWII bomber for Vietnam

The first Invaders sent to Vietnam were worn-out war-surplus machines, and in 1964 a series of in-flight wing failures forced their withdrawal. Rather than abandon a proven weapon, the USAF had On Mark Engineering remanufacture the type. The resulting B-26K (first YB-26K in 1963) had strengthened wings with a redesigned spar, more powerful water-injected R-2800 engines, reversible propellers for short fields, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, and eight underwing pylons. Ordnance capacity rose from around 6,000 to roughly 12,000 lb. Redesignated A-26A to sidestep basing politics in Thailand, these aircraft flew night interdiction over Laos until November 1969.


Technical Data

Full specifications

Airframe & Performance (A-26B)

Bemanning
3 (pilot, navigator/bombardier, gunner)
Lengte
~15.6 m (51 ft)
Spanwijdte
~21.3 m (70 ft)
Hoogte
~5.6 m (18 ft 6 in)
Max takeoff weight
~15,900 kg (35,000 lb)
Max speed
~570 km/h (~355 mph)
Serviceplafond
~6,700 m (~22,000 ft)
Bereik
~2,300 km (~1,400 mi)
First flight
10 July 1942 (XA-26)
Built
~2,503 (1943–1945)

Propulsion, Armament & Cost

Engines
2 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp
Power (each)
~2,000 hp (~2,500 hp on the B-26K)
Guns
Up to ~10 × .50-cal M2 (6–8 in gun nose)
Bomb load
~1,800 kg (4,000 lb) internal; more external on B-26K
Later variant
On Mark B-26K “Counter-Invader” (A-26A)
Unit cost
~$192,000–$250,000 (1944, estimate)
Cost per flight hour
No reliable public figure
Redesignated
B-26 in 1948
04The A-26 Invader’s cost: what a wartime attack bomber was worth

As a mass-produced 1940s military aircraft, the Invader never had an open-market price, and figures vary by source and year. A wartime flyaway cost is commonly cited in the region of $192,000 to $250,000 — roughly comparable to other twin-engine attack bombers of the period — but that should be read as an order-of-magnitude estimate rather than a precise ledger figure. No credible modern cost-per-flight-hour number exists for the type; today the meaningful costs are those of keeping a handful of warbird Invaders airworthy, which run into the many hundreds of dollars per hour in fuel alone for two thirsty R-2800 radials. Any exact dollar figure attached to an A-26 is, in practice, an estimate.


Timeline

From wartime attack bomber to Cold-War COIN veteran

1942

First flight

The Douglas XA-26 prototype, designed under Ed Heinemann, flies for the first time on 10 July as a successor to the A-20 Havoc.

1944

Combat debut

The A-26 enters combat over Europe with the Ninth Air Force, and later in the Pacific, in both glass-nose and gun-nose forms.

1948

A-26 becomes B-26

With the Martin B-26 Marauder retired, the USAF redesignates the Invader as the B-26 — the source of decades of confusion.

1950–53

Korean night intruder

Gloss-black B-26s fly the lonely night-interdiction war against North Korean supply lines; an Invader flies the war’s last bombing sortie.

1961

Bay of Pigs

CIA-supplied B-26s attack Cuban airfields in support of the failed Bay of Pigs invasion.

1954–62

French service

France flies Invaders in the First Indochina War — including over Dien Bien Phu — and later in the Algerian War.

1966–69

B-26K over the Trail

The rebuilt On Mark B-26K “Nimrod” flies night interdiction against the Ho Chi Minh Trail from Thailand until withdrawal in 1969.

1970s–now

Fire-bombers and warbirds

Surplus Invaders serve as civil fire-bombers until wing-fatigue failures ground many; a handful still fly as preserved warbirds today.


Stories & Eyewitnesses

Twelve stories from three wars

Design · 1941

Heinemann’s answer to the Havoc

Douglas built the A-26 to be faster and harder-hitting than the A-20 it replaced.

Read the full story
Ed Heinemann’s Douglas team designed the A-26 as a single airframe that could do the jobs of three earlier types — light bomber, attack aircraft and night intruder. Wrapped around two R-2800 radials and a clean laminar-flow wing, it was faster than the A-20 Havoc it replaced and could carry a heavier, more varied weapons load. First flown on 10 July 1942, it would prove so adaptable that it outlived its own generation by two more wars.
WWII · 1944

Gun nose or glass nose

The Invader came in a strafer version and a level-bomber version of the same aircraft.

Read the full story
The A-26 reached Europe in 1944 in two forms. The glass-nosed A-26C kept a bombardier for level bombing; the gun-nosed A-26B replaced him with six or eight forward-firing .50-calibre guns and attacked at low level. Crews could mix and match under-wing and turret guns, and some machines bristled with well over a dozen .50-cals. The same basic aircraft could strafe a train, skip-bomb a bridge, or bomb from altitude.
WWII · Europe

With the Ninth over Germany

The Ninth Air Force embraced the Invader in the last year of the war in Europe.

Read the full story
Flying with the Ninth Air Force, A-26 units struck tactical targets across Germany in the closing months of the war — marshalling yards, bridges, road transport and airfields. Pilots liked its speed and handling, and it earned a reputation as one of the finest light bombers of the conflict. By VJ-Day the type was already earmarked to stay in service long after most of its wartime contemporaries were scrapped.
Redesignation · 1948

How the A-26 became the B-26

A quirk of USAF paperwork gave the Invader the number of a different bomber.

Read the full story
In 1948 the USAF abolished its separate “attack” category. With the Martin B-26 Marauder already retired, the Invader inherited the freed-up designation and became the B-26. From then on, the same aircraft that had fought WWII as the A-26 flew as the B-26 — which is why a “B-26” can mean two entirely different aircraft depending on the year. In Vietnam the type would flip back to A-26A for basing reasons.
Korea · 1950s

The lonely night war

Black-painted B-26s hunted trucks and trains alone in the Korean dark.

Read the full story
Korea gave the Invader its signature mission. Painted gloss black, B-26 night intruders flew solo deep into North Korea after dark, hunting the convoys and trains that moved men and supplies south under cover of night. It was dangerous, exhausting, single-aircraft work over blacked-out valleys. The type flew the very last USAF bombing sortie of the Korean War, minutes before the armistice took effect in July 1953.
CIA · 1961

The Bay of Pigs

Unmarked B-26s flew the air campaign for the failed Cuban invasion.

Read the full story
For the 1961 Bay of Pigs operation the CIA supplied a small force of B-26 Invaders, chosen partly because they could plausibly be passed off as defected Cuban aircraft. They struck Castro’s airfields in the opening moves, but promised follow-up air cover was cancelled, and several were lost. The episode is a stark example of the Invader’s long shadow career in covert operations far from any official air force.
France · Indochina

Invaders at Dien Bien Phu

France flew the B-26 in its own losing war in Indochina.

Read the full story
France received Invaders through American military aid and flew them hard in the First Indochina War, including bombing missions in support of the besieged garrison at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. When that war ended, French Invaders moved on to the Algerian War. It was a reminder that the type’s combat record is not only American — it fought other nations’ wars too.
Vietnam · 1961

Farm Gate

Old Invaders returned to war under a covert training programme.

Read the full story
When the US began its involvement in Vietnam, tired WWII-era B-26s were among the first combat aircraft committed, flown under the covert Farm Gate programme in South Vietnamese markings but largely with American crews. The aircraft were decades old and increasingly worn, and by 1964 a series of structural failures forced their withdrawal — setting the stage for the rebuilt B-26K.
Engineering · 1963

A new aircraft in an old shape

On Mark Engineering rebuilt the tired Invader into the B-26K.

Read the full story
After the 1964 groundings, the USAF turned to On Mark Engineering to remanufacture the Invader. The B-26K received a strengthened wing, uprated engines, reversible propellers, wingtip tanks and eight wing pylons that roughly doubled its weapons load. First flown as the YB-26K in 1963, it was effectively a new aircraft built inside a WWII fuselage — and it gave the design a credible second combat life.
Vietnam · 1966

Nimrod on the Trail

B-26K crews became feared truck-killers over the Ho Chi Minh Trail.

Read the full story
From 1966 the B-26K — briefly re-styled A-26A for political reasons — flew from Nakhon Phanom in Thailand under the call-sign “Nimrod.” Working the Ho Chi Minh Trail at night, often alongside flareships and forward air controllers, its crews earned a reputation as some of the most effective truck-killers of the war. The type served over Laos until it was finally withdrawn in November 1969.
Foreign service

An Invader diaspora

Surplus Invaders ended up in air forces around the world.

Read the full story
Beyond the US and France, surplus Invaders were exported widely — Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, Turkey and others operated the type through the 1950s, 60s and 70s. Indonesia’s B-26s flew into the mid-1970s, and Honduras is often cited as the very last military operator. For a WWII design, the Invader’s second-hand career was remarkably long and far-flung.
Civil life

Fire-bombers and fatigue

As a civil tanker the Invader met its limit in cracked wing spars.

Read the full story
After military service, fast, capacious Invaders were converted into aerial fire-bombers and executive transports. But the same hard-worked wartime wings that had flown three wars began to fail: a run of in-flight wing-spar fatigue failures in civil service led to groundings and airworthiness restrictions that thinned the fleet. It was an unglamorous end for many, though dedicated owners keep a small number flying as warbirds to this day.

Gallery

The Invader in pictures

Douglas A-26 Invader over Germany in 1945
An A-26 over Germany, 1945 — the Ninth Air Force embraced it in Europe.U.S. Air Force · public domain
Black-painted Douglas A-26 Invader night intruder
A gloss-black Invader of the 492nd Bombardment Group — the night-intruder scheme.U.S. Air Force · public domain
A-26 Invader dropping parafrag bombs during a training exercise
An Invader lays down parafrag bombs, Eglin AFB, 1950.U.S. Air Force · public domain
Douglas A-26 Invader "MONIE" with its crew
The Invader “MONIE” and her crew.U.S. Air Force · public domain
Douglas A-26B Invader in flight
An A-26B in flight.U.S. Air Force · public domain
Douglas A-26 Invader of the 416th Bombardment Group in 1945
A 416th Bombardment Group Invader, 1945.U.S. Air Force · public domain

Watch

The Invader in motion

Video coming soon. We are curating a high-quality documentary clip on the Douglas A-26 Invader — its three-war career and the B-26K Counter-Invader rebuild — and will add it here.


Operations

Where the Invader flew


Combat Record

The record that defines it

The Invader’s combat story is not measured in air-to-air kills — it was an attack aircraft, not a fighter. Its record is one of endurance and reach: a single design that struck ground targets in World War II, Korea and Vietnam, plus covert and colonial wars in between. Its most famous work was done alone, at night, low over enemy supply lines.

3 warsWWII, Korea and Vietnam combat service
~10 × .50Forward firepower in the gun-nose A-26B
1953Flew the last USAF bombing sortie of the Korean War

Compare the combat record of every military aircraft. Figures as of August 2026.


Questions & Answers

Everything people ask about the A-26 Invader

Can I fly in an A-26 Invader?
No — there are no public A-26 Invader passenger rides, and MiGFlug does not offer flights in the type. A small number of Invaders survive as airworthy warbirds and former fire-bombers, but these are private aircraft, not ride platforms. You can, however, fly in several genuine military jets today — see migflug.com/flights-prices/.
Why is the A-26 also called the B-26?
Because it was redesignated. Built as the A-26 in the “attack” category, the Invader was renamed B-26 in 1948 after the unrelated Martin B-26 Marauder was retired and the USAF dropped its attack category. So the same Douglas aircraft flew WWII as the A-26 and Korea as the B-26. It was briefly re-styled A-26A again in Vietnam.
What made the A-26 Invader special?
Speed, firepower and adaptability. It was a fast twin-engine attack bomber that could strafe with up to ~10 forward .50-calibre guns, skip-bomb, or level-bomb — and it proved rugged enough to fight in three separate wars across more than 25 years.
Did the A-26 fight in Vietnam?
Yes. Worn WWII Invaders flew early covert missions under Project Farm Gate, and after structural groundings the rebuilt On Mark B-26K “Counter-Invader” (call-sign “Nimrod”) flew night interdiction against the Ho Chi Minh Trail from Thailand until 1969.
Was the A-26 used at the Bay of Pigs?
Yes. The CIA supplied a small force of B-26 Invaders for the failed 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion, using them to strike Cuban airfields. They were chosen partly because they could be passed off as Cuban aircraft.
How many A-26 Invaders were built, and are any still flying?
Roughly 2,500 were built between 1943 and 1945. Most are long gone, but a small number survive as airworthy warbirds — and many more sit in museums — after decades of military, covert and civil fire-bombing service.

Sources & Further Reading

Every fact, checked