比尔德莫尔

战斗序列 · 飞机制造商 · 英国

比尔德莫尔

William Beardmore and Company

A Clydeside steel and shipbuilding giant that dabbled in the air and, almost in passing, built the first airship to fly the Atlantic from east to west.

1886创立
1930年倒闭地位
6记录在案的飞机
国家英国创立1886创始人William Beardmore (later Lord Invernairn)总部Parkhead, Glasgow; aircraft at Dalmuir, Clydebank地位1930年倒闭
故事

Beardmore: the company and the aircraft that made its name

Steel, ships and Antarctica

Beardmore was heavy industry first. Built around the Parkhead Forge in Glasgow’s east end, William Beardmore’s company grew from 1886 into a Clydeside conglomerate of steel, armour, ships, locomotives and cars, employing about 40,000 people at its peak. Its Dalmuir yard was the most advanced in Britain. Beardmore himself became Lord Invernairn, and an Antarctic glacier, the Beardmore Glacier, bears his name.

Pups for the Navy

Aviation came in 1913, with British rights to Austro-Daimler aero-engines and later DFW aircraft. At Dalmuir the company built Sopwith Pups under licence, then adapted the design for warships as the W.B.III, with folding wings and flotation gear; 100 were delivered to the Royal Naval Air Service. At Inchinnan, Beardmore built rigid airships, and in July 1919 its R34 flew from East Fortune to Mineola, New York, in 108 hours, the first east-to-west air crossing of the Atlantic, and then flew home again.

Giants of the air

In the 1920s Beardmore bought a licence for Adolf Rohrbach’s stressed-skin metal construction. The result was the Inflexible, a three-engined all-metal transport with a 157 ft wingspan, greater than a B-29’s, which first flew in 1928 but was hopelessly underpowered. A more modest W.B.XXVI Wee Bee won the 1924 Lympne light-aircraft trials, and Beardmore’s Tornado diesels powered the ill-fated R101. Recession closed Dalmuir in 1930 and the aviation interests faded with it.

A Clydeside steel and shipbuilding giant that dabbled in the air and, almost in passing, built the first airship to fly the Atlantic from east to west.Beardmore · verified 2026-10-03
一览

Beardmore in numbers

公司

简而言之
Founded 1886

  • Clydeside steel, armour and shipbuilding group
  • About 40,000 employees at peak
  • Aviation from 1913

生产

最出名的是
WBIII 和 R34

  • W.B.III ship fighter: 100 built
  • Airships R27, R32, R34, R36
  • Inflexible all-metal giant: one built

今天

现在
已停业

  • Dalmuir yard closed 1930
  • Parkhead Forge closed 1983

The Beardmore Glacier in Antarctica keeps the name alive.

这些数字

高峰劳动力
about 40,000
W.B.III built
100
Licence-built Nieuport 12
50
R34 transatlantic flight time
108 hours1919
飞机

Every notable Beardmore aircraft

飞机 角色 首航 建造 地位 笔记
Sopwith Pup (licence) 战斗机 已退休 Built at Dalmuir
Beardmore W.B.III Shipboard fighter 1917 100 已退休 Folding-wing Pup for HMS Furious and Argus
R34 Rigid airship 1919 1 已退休 First east-to-west Atlantic crossing, July 1919
Beardmore W.B.XXIV Wee Bee 轻型飞机 1924 1 已退休 Won the 1924 Lympne trials
Beardmore Inverness Metal flying boat 2 已退休 Rohrbach Ro IV; one built in Copenhagen, one by Beardmore
Beardmore Inflexible Experimental all-metal transport 1928 1 已退休 157 ft wingspan; underpowered
地点、人物、记录

Where Beardmore built, who led it, what it achieved

工厂

  • Parkhead Forge · Glasgow — Core of the company
  • Dalmuir works · Clydebank — Shipyard and aircraft production; closed 1930
  • Inchinnan Airship Constructional Station · Inchinnan, Renfrewshire — Built R27, R32, R34, R36

人们

  • William Beardmore, Lord Invernairn · founder and owner
  • W. S. Shackleton · designer — Wee Bee; worked on the Inflexible
  • George Herbert Scott · airship commander — Commanded R34 across the Atlantic

纪录和第一

  • R34: first east-to-west transatlantic flight and first two-way crossing, July 1919
  • Inflexible: wingspan of 157 ft, some 16 ft more than a B-29
时间线

Beardmore, year by year

1886

William Beardmore takes control of the Parkhead business

1902

Vickers buys half the shares

1913

Acquires British rights to Austro-Daimler aero-engines

1917

W.B.III shipboard fighter flies

1919

R34 first flight at Inchinnan

1919

R34 lands at Mineola after first east-west Atlantic crossing

1924

Wee Bee wins the Lympne trials; Rohrbach licence acquired

1928

Inflexible first flight at Martlesham Heath

1930

Dalmuir shipyard closes

问答

Everything people ask about Beardmore

What was Beardmore’s most famous aircraft?
In aeroplanes, the W.B.III shipboard fighter; in airships, the R34, which first flew the Atlantic east to west in 1919.
What was the Beardmore Inflexible?
A huge three-engined all-metal transport built under Rohrbach licence, flown in 1928; only one was built.
Where did Beardmore build aircraft?
At Dalmuir on the Clyde, with airships at Inchinnan in Renfrewshire.

继续参观

Around Beardmore

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参考资料及延伸阅读

所有事实均已核实

已验证 2026-10-03。.