斯廷森
A barnstormer with more flying hours than anyone alive built America’s first comfortable cabin airliners, complete with heater and cigar lighter; his company went on to make the jeep of the air.
Stinson: the company and the aircraft that made its name
The most experienced pilot in the world
Eddie Stinson learned to fly at the Wright School in Dayton in 1913, working as mechanic for his famous sister Katherine. In the First World War he taught Army pilots at Kelly Field and became one of the first instructors to teach spin recovery. After it he raced Barney Oldfield’s car at exhibitions and, to land in racetrack infields, fitted the first practical wheel brakes on an aeroplane. He founded his company in Dayton in 1920, then moved to Detroit, where the city’s Board of Commerce helped form the Stinson Aircraft Syndicate in 1925 with 25,000 dollars for a prototype.
A cabin with a cigar lighter
The SB-1 Detroiter, flown on 25 January 1926, was a four-seat biplane with something few aircraft then offered: an enclosed, heated cabin with upholstered seats and even an electric cigar lighter. Joyrides for 70 people in February raised 150,000 dollars in stock. Northwest sold its first passenger ticket on a Detroiter in July 1927. The SM-1 monoplane followed, deliveries reached 121 in 1929, and that September E. L. Cord bought 60 per cent of the company. Eddie did not see what came next. He died in a crash in Chicago on 26 January 1932, aged 38, with more than 16,000 hours in his logbook, more than any other pilot.
The flying jeep
Under Cord, then AVCO and from 1940 Vultee, the Wayne plant built 1,327 Reliant cabin monoplanes and the three-seat Model 105. Its military descendant, the L-5 Sentinel, was nicknamed the Flying Jeep at the factory: liaison squadrons flew it into front-line strips to bring out wounded, and Marines on Iwo Jima flew it off a ship using a cable hook. After the war Stinson built more than 5,000 Model 108 Voyagers before Consolidated Vultee sold the business to Piper in 1948. A twin design begun at Stinson became the Piper Apache.
Stinson in numbers
公司
- 简而言之
- 成立于1920年
- Founded in Dayton by Eddie Stinson, moved to Detroit area 1925–1926
- E. L. Cord bought 60% in September 1929; later AVCO, Vultee and Consolidated Vultee
- Sold to Piper in 1948
生产
- 最出名的是
- 信赖号、L-5 哨兵号、航行者号
- Reliant: 1,327 built 1933–1941
- Model 108 Voyager: 5,260 built by Stinson and Piper
- L-5 Sentinel liaison aircraft for the USAAF, USMC and RAF
今天
- 现在
- Absorbed by Piper, 1948
- Model 108 type certificate later passed to Univair
这些数字
- 送货
- 1211929
- Northville workforce
- over 2501926
- Reliants built
- 1,3271933–1941
- Model 108 built
- 5,260 (about 4,935 by Stinson, 325 by Piper)
- Eddie Stinson’s flying hours
- more than 16,0001932
Every notable Stinson aircraft
| 飞机 | 角色 | 首航 | 建造 | 地位 | 笔记 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stinson SB-1 Detroiter | Four-seat cabin biplane | 1926 | 已退休 | Enclosed heated cabin; first Northwest Airways passenger aircraft | |
| Stinson SM-1 Detroiter | Six-seat cabin monoplane | 1927 | 已退休 | Replaced the biplane | |
| Stinson Model A | Trimotor airliner | 30 | 已退休 | Airlines of Australia losses in 1937 inspired The Riddle of the Stinson | |
| Stinson Reliant | Four/five-seat cabin monoplane; UC-81 and AT-19 in USAAF service | 1,327 | 已退休 | Gull-wing SR-7 onward; militarised V-77 | |
| Stinson L-5 Sentinel | 联络和侦察机 | 1941 | 已退休 | The Flying Jeep; 1,538 of the first model alone; USMC OY-1 | |
| Stinson 108 Voyager | 四座轻型飞机 | 5,260 | 已退休 | Only post-war Stinson production type |
Stinson aircraft in the world’s air forces
4 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew Stinson types. 其中 0 辆仍在服役。.
| 空军 | 在服役 | 以前飞过 |
|---|---|---|
| 洪都拉斯空军 | 底特律斯廷森 | |
| 日本陆上自卫队航空兵 | Stinson L-5 Sentinel | |
| 韩国陆军航空兵 | Piper L-4 Grasshopper and Stinson L-5 Sentinel | |
| 索马里空军 | Beech C-45, North American T-6H Texan and Stinson L-5 |
Where Stinson built, who led it, what it achieved
工厂
- Northville factory · Northville, Michigan — Former Stimson Scale building, acquired 4 May 1926
- Wayne plant · Wayne, Michigan — Main works from 1929, next to Detroit Industrial Airport
人们
- Eddie Stinson · founder — 1893–1932; set a world endurance record in 1921
- Katherine Stinson · aviator, Eddie’s sister — Pioneering woman pilot
- E. L. Cord · majority owner from 1929 — Automobile magnate
纪录和第一
- First practical aircraft wheel brakes, fitted by Eddie Stinson
- World flight endurance record, Eddie Stinson, 1921
Stinson, year by year
Stinson Aircraft Company founded in Dayton, Ohio
Stinson Aircraft Syndicate formed in Detroit
SB-1 Detroiter first flight
Northwest sells its first passenger ticket, on a Detroiter
E. L. Cord buys 60 per cent
Eddie Stinson killed in a crash in Chicago
Reliant production begins
Becomes a subsidiary of Vultee
Model 76, future L-5, first flight
Sold to Piper
Everything people ask about Stinson
Who founded Stinson Aircraft?
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What was the Stinson L-5 Sentinel?
How many Stinson 108s were built?