Velitelství vzdušných sil (Botswana)
Botswana’s Air Arm Command was formed in April 1977, when cross-border raids forced a country that had chosen to have no army to build one; it went from nine second-hand Strikemasters to 18 ex-Canadian CF-5s, built its own air base in the bush near Molepolole, and in 2026 is still flying those 1970s fighters while it talks about a successor and lives on donated American Hercules.
The Air Arm Command story: a country without an army, ex-Canadian CF-5s and an air base built in the bush
1966–1977: a country without an army, and the raids that changed its mind
When Botswana became independent in 1966 it chose not to have a standing army. That decision did not survive the wars around it. In the mid-1970s Rhodesian and South African forces crossed the border in pursuit of guerrillas operating from Botswanan territory, and on 15 April 1977 Parliament passed the act that created the Botswana Defence Force. An air wing was formed with it in April 1977. Its first combat aircraft were second-hand: Wikipedia’s history of the BAC Strikemaster records nine refurbished jets, Mk 83s from Kuwait and Mk 87s from Kenya, two of which were later sold on to Ivory Coast. Light transports and utility types followed — Islanders and Defenders, Skyvans, Bulldog trainers and O-2 observation aircraft all appear in its list of retired types, though the dates of most are not documented in sources that could be checked.
1977–1996: nine Strikemasters and a war next door
The air wing was too small to matter in the wars that shaped it, and it did not fight them. South Africa’s raids on ANC targets in Botswana were carried out by commandos on the ground: on 14 June 1985 a raid on Gaborone killed people at the Medu Art Ensemble, and on 21 June 1985 the UN Security Council unanimously condemned it in Resolution 568 as a gross violation of Botswana’s sovereignty and demanded compensation. South Africa said it was attacking ANC targets. Later South African raids are referred to in general terms, but no source that could be checked gave their dates or casualties, so they are not detailed here. The air wing’s first real test abroad came later and on the ground: 380 BDF soldiers joined the SADC intervention in Lesotho, Operation Boleas, in 1998–1999, with no recorded air role.
1996–2000: CF-5s from Canada and a base of its own
The air arm’s modern shape dates from the 1990s. Foreign contractors built a main base in the bush near Molepolole, west of Gaborone, between 1992 and 1996 — today’s Thebephatshwa air base, also called Maparangwane. In 1996 Botswana began replacing the Strikemasters with ex-Canadian Canadair CF-116s, locally called BF-5s: ten single-seat CF-116As and three two-seat CF-116Bs, with three more single-seaters and two two-seaters following in 2000 from Canadian surplus stocks — 18 aircraft in all, flown by Z28 Squadron. The squadron numbering is local: every unit is "Z", for squadron. In 1997 three C-130B Hercules came from the North Carolina Air National Guard through the US State Partnership Programme; they became, in defenceWeb’s words, the backbone of the BDF’s air operations for a quarter of a century.
2008–2018: crashes, an ageing fleet and the replacement question
The cost of running an old fleet showed in the accident record. In July 2018 the defence minister, Shaw Kgathi, told Parliament that the air wing had lost nine aircraft and six people in the previous ten years, six of the crashes caused by pilot error. Two PC-7 Mk IIs collided over Letlhakeng on 20 October 2011, killing two of the four crew; a CASA C-212 crashed soon after take-off from Thebephatshwa on 9 February 2017, killing all three on board; and on 27 April 2018 a BF-5 crashed at the Gaborone golf club during rehearsals, killing the pilot. The replacement question was already open: in 2013 the then air arm chief, Major General Odirile Mashinyana, reported that the CF-5s needed replacing but advised upgrading them while money was saved for a well-chosen successor.
2021–2026: Mozambique, Hercules from America and the fighter that never comes
That successor has not arrived. Wikipedia lists the KAI T-50, used F-16s, the Saab Gripen and India’s Tejas as types considered since 2013, and says that by January 2025 the Tejas was no longer in the running; no order has been confirmed. Meanwhile the air arm has been busy in other ways. It flew Botswana’s contingent, 296 soldiers in July 2021, into the SADC mission in Mozambique and supported it until the BDF left in April 2024. Its transport fleet nearly collapsed — the last flying C-130B was grounded — and the United States rebuilt it: a C-130H, OM4, worth 30 million dollars, was handed over on 27 June 2024, two more were notified to Congress in August 2025, and Botswana accepted another in July 2026. The air arm chief’s words at the 2024 handover sum up the decade: with one aircraft, if a little screw falls off, he is down to zero.
The Air Arm Command (Botswana) in numbers
Servis
- Jméno
- Velitelství vzdušných silEnglish is the official language of the Botswana Defence Force. Older sources say Botswana Defence Force Air Wing or Air Arm; no official Setswana name was found
- Založeno
- April 1977Formed with the Botswana Defence Force, which was created by an act of Parliament on 15 April 1977
- Část
- Botswana Defence ForceOne of the BDF’s three commands
- Chief of Air Arm Command
- Generálmajor Hendrick Thuthu RakgantswanaAs quoted by defenceWeb in June 2024; current tenure not confirmed
- BDF Commander
- Gen. Mpho Churchill MophutingJak je uvedeno na Wikipedii
- Velitelství
- GaboroneThe main flying base is Thebephatshwa, near Molepolole
Pevnost
- Personál
- About 500Wikipedia’s infobox estimate
- Bojová letadla
-
- Canadair CF-5A/D (BF-5) — 15 (11 A, 4 D in 2021; 10 A, 5 D in another count)
18 delivered in 1996 and 2000 (13 A, 5 D); defenceWeb reported a fleet of 15 at the time of the April 2018 crash
- Doprava
-
- C-130H Hercules — 1, with more donated
- CASA C-212 — 3
- CN235 — 2
- Dornier 328 — 1
- BN-2 Defender — 2 or 10
- Beech Super King Air 200 — 1
- Bombardier Global 5000 (VIP) — 1
The Defender count differs: Wikipedia lists two, defenceWeb (July 2026) ten
- Vrtulníky
-
- Bell 412 — 6
- AS350 — 10
- AW189 — 1 on order
Wikipedia’s inventory, sourced to the IISS and others
- Trenéři
-
- Pilatus PC-7 Mk II — 5
Infrastruktura
- Letecké základny
-
- Thebephatshwa (Maparangwane), near Molepolole — main base, built 1992–1996
- Sir Seretse Khama International Airport, Gaborone
- Francistown Airport — joint civil and military since 2011
Jak je uvedeno na Wikipedii
- letky
- Z1, Z3, Z7, Z10, Z12, Z21, Z23, Z28 and a VIP flightZ stands for squadron; Z28 flies the BF-5
- Losses 2008–2018
- Nine aircraft, six people killedDefence minister Shaw Kgathi to Parliament, July 2018
How the Air Arm Command (Botswana) is organised
One of the three commands of the Botswana Defence Force, headquartered in Gaborone, with eight numbered “Z” squadrons and a VIP Flight. Six of the squadrons fly from one base, Thebephatshwa near Molepolole, among them Z28 with about 15 Canadair CF-5s from the 1990s, Botswana’s only fighters, for which no successor has been ordered. The transport fleet now rests on C-130Hs donated by the United States since 2024.
Velitelství vzdušných sil
One of the three commands of the Botswana Defence Force, formed with it in April 1977 and headquartered in Gaborone, about 500 strong by Wikipedia’s estimate. defenceWeb quoted Maj Gen Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana as Chief of Air Arm Command in June 2024; his appointment date and whether he still holds the post were not confirmed. The BDF is commanded by Gen Mpho Churchill Mophuting.
Eskadra Z28
Botswana’s only fighters: Canadair CF-5s from Canadian surplus stocks, called BF-5s locally, 18 of them delivered in 1996 and 2000 and about 15 in use. One crashed in Gaborone on 27 April 2018, killing the pilot. A successor has been discussed since 2013 and no order is confirmed; by January 2025, according to Wikipedia, India’s Tejas was out of the running.
Eskadra Z10
The C-130, C-212 and CN235 squadron. With its last C-130B grounded it was down to one Hercules until the United States handed over C-130H OM4 on 27 June 2024; two more were notified to Congress in August 2025 and Botswana accepted another in July 2026, and how many had arrived by October 2026 was not confirmed.
Eskadra Z7
Five Pilatus PC-7 Mk II basic trainers and the Super King Air 200, according to Wikipedia. Two of its PC-7s collided over Letlhakeng on 20 October 2011, killing two of the four crew.
Z21 and Z23 Squadrons
Z21 Squadron flies six Bell 412s and Z23 Squadron ten AS350 Écureuils, used among other tasks for search and rescue and anti-poaching; an AS350B was lost on an anti-poaching mission in December 2020. One AW189 is listed as on order by Wikipedia.
Z1, Z3 and Z12 Squadrons and the VIP Flight
Wikipedia lists Z1 as a transport squadron at Thebephatshwa and Z3 (liaison) and Z12 (transport) at Francistown, without saying which aircraft they fly. The VIP Flight, with a Bombardier Global 5000, is at Gaborone’s international airport.
What the Air Arm Command (Botswana) flies today
Každý typ na obvinění, propojený s jeho stránkou v Knize zvířat, kde nějaký existuje. Počty se vztahují na letadla v evidenci, nikoli na letadla dostupná v daný den.
| Typ | Role | V provozu | Od | Jednotky | Poznámky | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canadair CF-5A and CF-5D (CF-116, local BF-5)V provozu | Fighter and lead-in trainer | 15 | 1996 | Wikipedia’s CF-5 article gives 11 CF-5A and 4 CF-5D in use in 2021; its Air Arm Command article lists 10 CF-5A and 5 CF-5D. 18 were delivered (13 A, 5 D). | ||
| Lockheed C-130H HerculesV provozu | Taktická doprava | 1 | 2024 | OM4 delivered in 2024; two more C-130Hs (12 million dollars each) were notified to Congress on 5 August 2025, and Botswana accepted another in July 2026.
VíceHow many had arrived by October 2026 was not confirmed. |
||
| CASA C-212 AviocarV provozu | Lehká doprava | 3 | Three (Wikipedia and defenceWeb). | |||
| CASA/IPTN CN235V provozu | Doprava | 2 | Dva. | |||
| Dornier 328V provozu | Doprava | 1 | Jeden. | |||
| Britten-Norman BN-2 DefenderV provozu | Utility a styčné služby | 2 | Contested: Wikipedia lists two; defenceWeb (July 2026) lists ten. | |||
| Beechcraft Super King Air 200V provozu | Doprava a spojení | 1 | Jeden. | |||
| Bombardier Global 5000V provozu | VIP doprava | 1 | Jeden. | |||
| Bell 412EP/SPV provozu | Utility, search and rescue, anti-poaching | 6 | Šest. | |||
| Eurocopter AS350 ÉcureuilV provozu | Lehký užitkový vrtulník | 10 | Ten (Wikipedia). | |||
| Pilatus PC-7 Mk IIV provozu | Základní trenér | 5 | Pět. |
Na objednávku
| Typ | Objednané | První dodávka | Poznámky | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leonardo AW189Na objednávku | 1 | Listed as one on order by Wikipedia; no contract date or delivery was found. | ||
| Lockheed C-130H Hercules (US donations)Na objednávku | Two C-130Hs worth 12 million dollars each were notified to Congress on 5 August 2025 and Botswana accepted a further donation in July 2026; whether these overlap, and how many have arrived, was not confirmed. |
Every type the Air Arm Command (Botswana) has retired
8 types, from the Lockheed C-130B Hercules to the Lockheed C-130B Hercules. Špičkové hodnoty se vztahují na počet draků letadel převzatých do provozu po celou dobu jejich životnosti, nikoli na počet letadel v daný den.
| Typ | Role | Vrchol | Obsluhováno | Nahrazeno | Poznámky | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lockheed C-130B Hercules | Taktická doprava | 3 | 1997–2024 | C-130H | Three ex-North Carolina Air National Guard; one (OM1) was stored and two (OM2, OM3) flew. | |
| BAC Strikemaster Mk 83 and Mk 87 | Lehký útok a trenér | 9 | CF-5 | Nine second-hand: Mk 83s from Kuwait and Mk 87s from Kenya; two were later sold to Ivory Coast. | ||
| Cessna O-2 Skymaster | Pozorování a styk s veřejností | Číslo nenalezeno. | ||||
| Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander | Užitková doprava | Číslo nenalezeno. | ||||
| Short Skyvan | Lehká doprava | Číslo nenalezeno. | ||||
| Scottish Aviation Bulldog | Základní trenér | Číslo nenalezeno. | ||||
| Cessna 150 | Trenér | Číslo nenalezeno. | ||||
| Gulfstream IV | VIP doprava | 1 | Globálních 5000 | Jeden. |
Where the Air Arm Command flies from
Černé špendlíky označují aktivní základny; žádné z uvedených letišť není uzavřeno. Botswana has one full air base, Thebephatshwa near Molepolole, built by mostly foreign contractors between 1992 and 1996 with aircraft shelters and ordnance storage; the other two are shared with civil airports. The VIP Flight is at Sir Seretse Khama International Airport in Gaborone, and the BDF has used the old terminal at Francistown since 2011. Entries with no published aerodrome data carry no pin.
| Báze | ICAO | Postavení | Dráha | Jednotky a letadla |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FrancistownPhillip Gaonwe Matante International AirportNorth-East District, Francistown | FBPM | Aktivní |
|
|
| Sir Seretse Khama International AirportVIP FlightSouth-East District, Gaborone | FBSK | Aktivní | 08/264 000 mkonkrétní |
|
| ThebephatshwaOkres Kweneng nedaleko Molepolole | FBTP | Aktivní | 08/263 002 masfalt a beton08L/26R2 007 masfalt a beton |
|
Tomuto vyhledávání neodpovídá žádná letecká základna.
Who is stationed where in the Air Arm Command (Botswana)
Létající jednotky podle základny, aktuální jednotky jako první. Every Botswana squadron carries a “Z”, for squadron, before its number: Z28 flies the BF-5 fighters, Z10 the Hercules transports and Z21 and Z23 the helicopters. The squadron list is Wikipedia’s, because the BDF does not publish its order of battle, and Wikipedia does not say which aircraft Z1, Z3 and Z12 fly.
- Eskadra Z28Stíhací letka · aktivní
- Canadair CF-5A/D (BF-5)
- Eskadra Z10Transportní letka · aktivní
- C-130 Hercules, CASA C-212 Aviocar, CASA/IPTN CN235
- Eskadra Z7Výcviková letka · aktivní
- Pilatus PC-7 Mk II, Beechcraft Super King Air 200
- Eskadra Z21vrtulníková letka · aktivní
- Zvon 412
- Eskadra Z23vrtulníková letka · aktivní
- Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil
- Eskadra Z1Transportní letka · aktivní
- VIP FlightVIP transport · active
- Bombardier Global 5000 a další VIP letadla
- Z3 SquadronTransport (liaison) squadron · active
- Z12 SquadronTransportní letka · aktivní
Žádná jednotka neodpovídá tomuto vyhledávání.
Air Arm Command (Botswana) milestones, 1914 to today
15 April: Parliament creates the Botswana Defence Force; the air wing is formed the same month.
14 June: South African commandos raid Gaborone; 21 June: UN Security Council Resolution 568 condemns the raid unanimously.
Work starts on the main air base near Molepolole (Thebephatshwa), finished in 1996.
Ten CF-116As and three CF-116Bs from Canada begin replacing the Strikemaster.
Three C-130B Hercules arrive from the North Carolina Air National Guard.
380 BDF soldiers join Operation Boleas in Lesotho (to 1999).
Three more single-seat and two two-seat CF-5s arrive, making 18.
20 October: two PC-7 Mk IIs collide over Letlhakeng; two crew killed. Francistown becomes a joint civil and military airport.
Air arm chief Maj. Gen. Odirile Mashinyana recommends upgrading the BF-5s while saving for a successor.
9 February: a C-212 crashes after take-off from Thebephatshwa; three killed.
27 April: a BF-5 crashes in Gaborone, killing the pilot. July: the minister reports nine aircraft and six lives lost in ten years.
December: an AS350B crashes on an anti-poaching mission.
July: 296 BDF personnel deploy to SAMIM in Mozambique. October: a BDF C-130 is damaged on the ground at Pemba by a LAM airliner.
April: the BDF leaves SAMIM. 27 June: the US hands over C-130H OM4.
January: the Tejas is reported to be out of the fighter race. August: two more C-130Hs notified to Congress. September: OM4 flies in Exercise Blue Lugwasho.
July: Botswana accepts another donated C-130H; the US hands over about one million dollars of Hercules spares.
Every operation the Air Arm Command has been part of
Výpady a ztráty tam, kde je statistika udává, a poctivá prázdnota tam, kde ne.
- South African raids on Botswana 1985 No air engagement is recorded; the raids were carried out by South African ground forces against ANC targets
- Operace Boleas 1998–1999 Contributed 380 soldiers to the SADC task force; no air role is recorded in the sources found
- SADC Mission in Mozambique (SAMIM) 2021–2024 Contributed troops to SADC’s counter-insurgency mission; the air arm’s C-130s supported the deployment
Who built the Air Arm Command (Botswana) fleet
Každá společnost stojící za letouny na této stránce má svou vlastní stránku: příběh, každý typ, který postavila, čísla a další letectva, která s nimi létají.
Aktuální vozový park a objednávky
DŮM, Lockheed, Beechcraft, Zvonek, Bombardier, Britten-Norman, Canadair, Dornier, Eurocopter, IPTN, Leonardo, Pilátus
Bývalá flotila
Cessna, Britská letecká korporace, Gulfstream, Skotské letectví, Krátkí bratři
Everything people ask about the Air Arm Command (Botswana)
What is Botswana’s air force called?
When was the Botswana air force founded?
What fighter jets does Botswana fly?
Is Botswana buying the Gripen?
What did Botswana fly before the CF-5?
Kde se nachází hlavní letecká základna Botswany?
Did the Botswana air force fight South Africa in the 1980s?
Why does Botswana fly donated American Hercules?
Has the Botswana air force had many crashes?
Read the aircraft the Air Arm Command (Botswana) flew
Každý typ se stránkou v Knize zvířat, nejprve v provozu a poté v roce, kdy opustil flotilu.
Každý fakt, ověřený
- defenceWeb: USA darovaly Botswaně letouny C-130 Hercules (28. června 2024)OM4, 30 milionů dolarů, dorazil 24. května, předán 27. června 2024; generálmajor Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana, náčelník velení letectva; ministr Kagiso Mmusi na uzemněném C-130B.
- defenceWeb: Botswana to get another C-130 Hercules from the United States (14 July 2026)C-130B history (1997, OM1–OM3); two C-130Hs notified 5 August 2025 at 12 million dollars each; transport fleet incl. three C-212, two CN235, one Do 328, ten Defenders.
- defenceWeb: Botswanské obranné síly ztratily kvůli nehodám jedno letadlo ročně (23. července 2018)Ministr Shaw Kgathi: devět letadel a šest členů personálu ztraceno za deset let; havárie CF-5 27. dubna s flotilou 15 letadel; havárie C-212 v únoru 2017 a náhrada C-212-400.
- defenceWeb: articles tagged Botswana Defence ForceHeadlines and dates: AS350 crash (7 December 2020); C-130 damaged by LAM aircraft at Pemba (28 October 2021); another C212 (18 April 2019); deployment to Mozambique (26 July 2021); soldier killed in Mozambique (11 February 2022); C-130 spares (January and September 2026).
- defenceWeb: Botswana opouští SAMIM, protože Rwanda roste počet vojáků (9. dubna 2024)Farewell parade 5 April 2024; in Cabo Delgado since October 2023; SAMIM to leave in July 2024.
- defenceWeb: Šest vzdušných sil SADC posílilo ex-Blue Lugwasho leteckými příspěvky (19. září 2025)Botswana’s C-130 OM4; maize airlift Lusaka–Livingstone, 9–26 September 2025.
- defenceWeb: Profil africké armády: Botswana (15. prosince 2025)BDF tří velitelství včetně Velitelství letectva; stárnoucí flotila revitalizovaná z darů od USA.
Údaje ověřeny 1. října 2026. Stránky s pořadím bitev jsou regenerovány z jednoho datového souboru; pokud se zde uvedené číslo neshoduje se stránkou Knihy zvířat, je tato stránka z těchto dvou novější.
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