RAAF Base Point Cook

RAAF Base Point Cook

RAAF Williams, Point Cook Base

Active (birthplace of Australian military aviation, 1914; home of the RAAF Museum and the heritage flight; part of RAAF Williams since 1989)

YMPCICAO
—Runway
1914Opened
ActiveStatus
OperatorRoyal Australian Air ForceState or territoryVictoriaElevation4 mCoordinates37.9322 S, 144.7533 E
The story

RAAF Base Point Cook: what it was built for and what flies there now

Point Cook, on the shore of Port Phillip Bay south-west of Melbourne, is where Australian military aviation began. The Air Force calls it the birthplace of the Australian Flying Corps and of the RAAF, and Wikipedia describes it as the oldest continually operating military airfield in the world. Henry Petre, the British aviator hired to set up a flying school, chose the site after rejecting a site near Duntroon; the Central Flying School flew for the first time here on 1 March 1914.

Point Cook trained the pilots of the First World War, raised No. 1 Squadron AFC in 1916, and was the RAAF’s only base from its formation on 31 March 1921 until Richmond and Laverton opened in 1925. Flying training stayed here for decades: the Central Flying School re-formed here in 1940 before moving to East Sale in 1947, and the RAAF College and Academy trained officers here from 1961 to 1985. In 1989 Point Cook and Laverton were combined as RAAF Williams, named after Sir Richard Williams, the first graduate of the 1914 course.

Today the base covers 341 hectares and is on the National Heritage List (29 August 2007). Its largest unit is the RAAF Museum, founded in 1952, and No. 100 Squadron flies the Air Force’s heritage aircraft from here. Coordinates, elevation and runway designators are from the ERSA (3 September 2026); runway lengths are not given there and are left out.


Satellite

RAAF Base Point Cook from above

Click to enlarge

No runway dimensions are recorded for this airfield.Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community
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At a glance

RAAF Base Point Cook in numbers

Location & codes

ICAO
YMPC
Country
Australia
State or territory
Victoria
Coordinates
37.9322 S, 144.7533 E
Elevation
4 m (13 ft)
Usage
Military

Runways & facilities

Runways
3
Designator
04/22
Designator 2
17/35
Quick Reaction Alert
None

Command & status

Status
Activebirthplace of Australian military aviation, 1914; home of the RAAF Museum and the heritage flight; part of RAAF Williams since 1989
Operator
Royal Australian Air Force
Opened
1914
Command
RAAF Williams (Point Cook Base); the RAAF Museum is the largest Defence unit on site
Resident units
5 current, 5 former
Based types
2

Resident units

Who flies from RAAF Base Point Cook

Current5 units
RAAF MuseumMuseum · active · from 1952
Over 40 aircraft on display
No. 100 Squadron (Air Force Heritage Squadron)Heritage flying squadron · active
Historic Air Force aircraft
No. 21 SquadronSquadron (role not stated on the base page) · active
—
No. 1 Security Forces Squadron (5 Rifle Flight); Australian Air Force Cadets HeadquartersSupport units · active
—
RMIT Flight TrainingCivil flying school (tenant) · civil · from 1994
—
Former5 units
Central Flying School (Australian Flying Corps)1914–1919 · The first military flying unit in Australia. First flight 1 March 1914; first course 17 August 1914 with four students; 152 pilots trained to basic standard in wartime courses. Disbanded in December 1919.
Bristol Boxkite, Deperdussin monoplane, Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2
No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps1916–1916 · Raised at Point Cook in January 1916 before going to the Middle East.
—
No. 1 Flying Training School1921– · Took over the Central Flying School’s functions in the new RAAF in 1921. Its departure date from Point Cook is not given in the sources used.
—
Central Flying School (re-formed)1940–1947 · Re-formed at Point Cook on 29 April 1940; moved to East Sale in November-December 1947 with seven Tiger Moths, nine Wirraways, three Oxfords, two Dakotas, a Mustang and a Lincoln.
de Havilland Tiger Moth
RAAF College / RAAF Academy1961–1985 · RAAF College, Officer Training School and RAAF Academy at Point Cook, 1961–1985 per Wikipedia.
—

Aircraft types based here

Over 40 aircraft on display, Historic Air Force aircraft, Bristol Boxkite, Deperdussin monoplane, Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2, de Havilland Tiger Moth


Claim to fame

What RAAF Base Point Cook is known for

01

Birthplace of the RAAF

The Australian Flying Corps learned to fly here, and the RAAF grew out of it.

First flight 1 March 1914; the RAAF’s only base from 31 March 1921 until 1925.

02

The oldest military airfield still flying

Wikipedia describes Point Cook as the oldest continually operating military airfield in the world.

Flying since 1914; National Heritage List since 29 August 2007.

03

The first four students

The first military flying course in Australia had four pupils, one of whom became the ‘father’ of the RAAF.

17 August 1914: Captain Thomas White and Lieutenants Richard Williams, George Merz and David Manwell.

04

The RAAF Museum

The Air Force’s own museum occupies the oldest complex of military aviation buildings in Australia.

Founded 1952; over 40 aircraft, from the Australian Flying Corps era to the F-111.

05

A Grand Prix on the runways

In 1948 the Australian Grand Prix was raced on a circuit laid out on Point Cook’s runways.

Won by Frank Pratt in a BMW 328.


Go deeper

The long version

01A paddock, tents and a shed: 1912 to 1919Read

The Australian government decided in 1912 to form a Central Flying School. The Australian Flying Corps article dates the selection of Point Cook to 22 October 1912; the Central Flying School article says Henry Petre, who arrived in January 1913, chose 297 hectares at Point Cook after rejecting the government’s preferred site near the Royal Military College at Duntroon as too high above sea level. The two accounts are given here as they stand.

On 1 March 1914 Eric Harrison made the school’s first flight in a Bristol Boxkite. Later the same day Petre took up a Deperdussin and crashed after catching his tailplane in telephone wires, Australia’s first military air accident. The school had five aircraft: two Deperdussins, two B.E.2s and the Boxkite. The first course began on 17 August 1914 with four students: Captain Thomas White and Lieutenants Richard Williams, George Merz and David Manwell. Williams, the first graduate, remembered the school as a ‘ragtime show’ of a paddock, tents and a single shed for the Boxkite.

02Training a flying corps for warRead

Point Cook trained the pilots of the Australian Flying Corps for the First World War. The Central Flying School article counts eleven further wartime courses and 152 pilots trained to basic standard; the AFC article says eight courses were completed, the last starting in June 1917, so the course count differs between the sources. No. 1 Squadron AFC was raised at Point Cook in January 1916. The Mesopotamian Half Flight, the first Australian unit to fly operations, flew its first sorties on 27 May 1915 under Petre’s command in what is now Iraq.

The Flying Corps grew to 880 officers and 2,840 other ranks; 175 were killed. Its squadrons claimed 527 enemy aircraft and produced 57 aces, according to Wikipedia. The Central Flying School disbanded in December 1919 and the AFC was succeeded by the Australian Air Corps and then, on 31 March 1921, by the Australian Air Force, which became the Royal Australian Air Force later that year. No. 1 Flying Training School took over the school’s job at Point Cook.

03From cadets to museumRead

Point Cook remained the RAAF’s only base until Richmond and Laverton were established in 1925, and it stayed the centre of flying training for a generation. The Central Flying School re-formed here on 29 April 1940 under an RAF officer, Squadron Leader E. C. Bates, and moved to East Sale in November-December 1947. From 1961 to 1985 Point Cook was home to the RAAF College, the Officer Training School and the RAAF Academy.

In 1989 Point Cook and nearby Laverton were combined under one command as RAAF Williams, named after Air Marshal Sir Richard Williams. The RAAF Museum, founded in 1952 by Air Marshal Sir George Jones, became a separate unit in 1988 and now displays more than 40 aircraft, among them an Avro 504K, a Mosquito, a Boomerang, a Mirage III, an F-4E Phantom and an F-111G. RMIT’s civil flight school arrived in 1994, and No. 100 Squadron keeps the Air Force’s historic aircraft flying from Point Cook and Temora. The site was added to the National Heritage List on 29 August 2007.

The Air Force’s own description of the base today is modest: 341 hectares, about 26 km from the centre of Melbourne, with No. 21 Squadron, No. 100 Squadron, a security forces flight, the Australian Air Force Cadets headquarters and commercial tenants. It notes that the RAAF Museum is now the largest Defence unit at Point Cook, housed in what it calls the oldest and most extensive complex of military aviation buildings. The ERSA still lists Point Cook as a military aerodrome with three runways, one of them grass, and civil aircraft may land only with the approval of the commanding officer.


Timeline

RAAF Base Point Cook, year by year

1912

22 October: Point Cook selected for the Central Flying School, according to the AFC article.

1913

Henry Petre arrives in January and chooses the site, per the Central Flying School article.

1914

1 March: first flight, by Eric Harrison in a Bristol Boxkite. 17 August: the first course begins with four students.

1916

January: No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps, raised at Point Cook.

1919

December: the Central Flying School disbands.

1921

31 March: the Australian Air Force is formed; Point Cook is its only base until 1925.

1940

29 April: the Central Flying School re-forms at Point Cook.

1947

November-December: the Central Flying School moves to East Sale.

1948

The Australian Grand Prix is held on the runways; Frank Pratt wins in a BMW 328.

1952

The RAAF Museum is founded.

1961

RAAF College opens at Point Cook; officer training continues here until 1985.

1989

Point Cook and Laverton are combined as RAAF Williams.

2007

29 August: Point Cook is added to the National Heritage List.


Incidents & stories

What happened here

1 March 1914

The first flight and the first crash

The Central Flying School flew for the first time on 1 March 1914, when Eric Harrison took a Bristol Boxkite into the air at Point Cook. Later that day Henry Petre, the school’s founder, flew a Deperdussin monoplane and crashed after snaring his tailplane in telephone wires. Wikipedia’s Central Flying School article records it as the first accident of Australian military aviation. No injuries are reported in the source used.

Wikipedia, finding aid

1948

Racing on the runways

In 1948 the Australian Grand Prix was held on a circuit mapped out on Point Cook’s runways. It was won by Frank Pratt in a BMW 328, according to Wikipedia’s RAAF Williams article. The race is a reminder of how much open concrete a pre-war training airfield had, and of how many uses Point Cook has found for it in more than a century.

Wikipedia, finding aid


Location

RAAF Base Point Cook and its neighbours

Active air base Closed or reserve
Nearby base ICAO Status Based types
RAAF Base East Sale YMES Active Pilatus PC-21, Beechcraft King Air, Bristol Beaufort
RAAF Base Laverton (RAAF Williams, Laverton Base) Closed 1996 —

Questions & Answers

Everything people ask about RAAF Base Point Cook

Why is Point Cook called the birthplace of the RAAF?
Because Australian military flying began here. The Central Flying School made its first flight at Point Cook on 1 March 1914, trained the Australian Flying Corps for the First World War, and Point Cook was the only base of the new Australian Air Force from 31 March 1921 until 1925. The Air Force calls it the birthplace of the AFC and the RAAF.
Is RAAF Base Point Cook still active?
Yes. It is part of RAAF Williams and is listed in the ERSA as a military aerodrome with three runways. The RAAF Museum, No. 100 Squadron’s heritage aircraft, No. 21 Squadron and RMIT’s civil flight school use it.
Is Point Cook the oldest military airfield in the world?
Wikipedia describes it as the oldest continually operating military airfield in the world, with flying since 1 March 1914. The claim depends on the word ‘continually’; older military airfields exist that have closed or paused flying.
What can you see at the RAAF Museum at Point Cook?
More than 40 aircraft, from an Avro 504K and a Bristol Boxkite replica to a Mirage III, an F-4E Phantom, an F/A-18A Hornet and an F-111G. The museum was founded in 1952.
Who were the first pilots trained at Point Cook?
The first course began on 17 August 1914 with four students: Captain Thomas White and Lieutenants Richard Williams, George Merz and David Manwell. Williams graduated first and later became known as the ‘father’ of the RAAF.
What is RAAF Williams?
The combined command of Point Cook and Laverton, formed in 1989 and named after Air Marshal Sir Richard Williams. Laverton’s runway was decommissioned in September 1996, so Point Cook is the only airfield of the two still flying.
Is RAAF Base Point Cook still an active military air base?
Yes. Active (birthplace of Australian military aviation, 1914; home of the RAAF Museum and the heritage flight; part of RAAF Williams since 1989). The Royal Australian Air Force operates it as RAAF Williams (Point Cook Base); the RAAF Museum is the largest Defence unit on site.
What is the ICAO code of RAAF Base Point Cook?
The ICAO code of RAAF Base Point Cook is YMPC. The airfield sits at 4 m above sea level in Victoria, at 37.9322 S, 144.7533 E.
How long is the runway at RAAF Base Point Cook?
RAAF Base Point Cook has 3 runways: 04/22, — m (0 ft), surface not recorded; 17/35, — m (0 ft), surface not recorded; 08/26, — m (0 ft), grass.
Which squadrons are based at RAAF Base Point Cook?
RAAF Base Point Cook currently hosts RAAF Museum flying the Over 40 aircraft on display; No. 100 Squadron (Air Force Heritage Squadron) flying the Historic Air Force aircraft; No. 21 Squadron flying the —; No. 1 Security Forces Squadron (5 Rifle Flight); Australian Air Force Cadets Headquarters flying the —; RMIT Flight Training flying the —.
Which aircraft used to fly from RAAF Base Point Cook?
Over its history RAAF Base Point Cook has hosted Central Flying School (Australian Flying Corps) (1914–1919) with the Bristol Boxkite, Deperdussin monoplane, Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2; No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps (1916–1916) with the —; No. 1 Flying Training School (1921–) with the —; Central Flying School (re-formed) (1940–1947) with the de Havilland Tiger Moth, CAC Wirraway, Airspeed Oxford, Douglas C-47 Dakota, P-51 Mustang, Avro Lincoln; RAAF College / RAAF Academy (1961–1985) with the —.



Sources & Further Reading

Every fact, checked

Verified 2026-10-01.