Estação Voadora de Wattisham

Estação Voadora de Wattisham

Wattisham Flying Station (formerly RAF Wattisham)

Active (the Army’s attack helicopter base: 3 and 4 Regiments AAC with the AH-64E Apache; an RAF fighter station until 1992)

EGUWOACI
2.423 mPista
1939Aberto
AtivoStatus
Foto: Alan Wilson/Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)
OperadorCorpo Aéreo do Exército (Reino Unido)Region or countrySuffolk, InglaterraElevação86 mCoordenadas52.1270 N, 0.9554 E
A história

Wattisham Flying Station: what it was built for and what flies there now

Wattisham, near Ipswich in Suffolk, is where the British Army keeps its attack helicopters. 3 and 4 Regiments of the Army Air Corps fly the AH-64E Apache from here; the Ministry of Defence says the whole operational fleet of the 50 aircraft it accepted by March 2025 is based at Wattisham, with the training fleet at Middle Wallop.

For its first half-century it was an air force station. RAF Wattisham opened on 5 April 1939 as a bomber base, and 29 hours after Britain declared war its Blenheims flew the RAF’s first attack of the Second World War. From 1942 it was lent to the Americans, and the 479th Fighter Group flew P-38s and P-51s from here in 1944–45. In the Cold War it was a front-line fighter station on quick reaction alert, with Hunters, Lightnings and Phantoms, among them the Black Arrows display team and No. 74 Squadron’s unique ex-US Navy F-4J(UK)s.

The RAF closed the station on 31 October 1992 and the Army took it over in September 1993, when 3 Regiment arrived from Germany. The Apache era began in 2005, and Wattisham’s crews flew the type in Helmand from 2006, off Libya from HMS Ocean in 2011 and in Estonia in 2019.

Runway 05/23 is 2,423 m long from runway 05 and 2,285 m from runway 23, at an elevation of 86 m, as recorded from the UK Military AIP in the MiGFlug RAF dataset (the AIP was not re-fetched for this page); Wikipedia gives the same length and elevation.


Satélite

Wattisham Flying Station from above

Clique para ampliar

One runway, 2,423 m of asphalt and concrete.Imagens: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics e a comunidade de usuários de SIG (Sistemas de Informação Geográfica).
Fechar

The first deployment of Apache helicopters to Estonia underlines our position at the forefront of NATO.

Gavin WilliamsonSecretário de Estado da DefesaGOV.UK, 15 April 2019

This was the first operational mission flown by British Army Apaches at sea.

Dr Liam FoxSecretário de Estado da DefesaGOV.UK, June 2011

À primeira vista

Wattisham Flying Station in numbers

Localização e códigos

OACI
EGUW
País
Reino Unido
Region or country
Suffolk, Inglaterra
Coordenadas
52.1270 N, 0.9554 E
Elevação
86 m (282 pés)
Uso
Militares

Pistas de pouso e instalações

Pistas de pouso
1
Designador
05/23
Comprimento
2.423 m (7,949 ft)
Superfície
Asfalto e concreto
Alerta de reação rápida
Nenhum

Comando e status

Status
Ativothe Army’s attack helicopter base: 3 and 4 Regiments AAC with the AH-64E Apache; an RAF fighter station until 1992
Operador
Corpo Aéreo do ExércitoReino Unido
Aberto
1939
Comando
British Army; 1st Aviation Brigade Combat Team (attack), under Joint Aviation Command
Unidades residenciais
3 current, 5 former
Tipos baseados
1

Unidades residenciais

Who flies from Wattisham Flying Station

Atual3 unidades
3º Regimento do Corpo Aéreo do Exército (Esquadrões 653, 662 e 663)Attack helicopter regiment · active · from 1993
Boeing AH-64E Apache
4º Regimento do Corpo Aéreo do Exército (Esquadrões 656 e 664)Regimento de helicópteros de ataque · ativo
Boeing AH-64E Apache
7º Batalhão de Apoio à Aviação REMEBatalhão de manutenção de aviação · ativo
Antigo5 unidades
Esquadrão nº 22 da RAF, Voo B— · Royal Air Force. Military search and rescue ended here with the 2015 transfer of UK SAR to a civilian contractor.
Westland Sea King HAR3
Esquadrões nº 23, 56 e 74 da RAF1976–1992 · Royal Air Force. No. 23 Squadron 25 February 1976 to 30 March 1983; No. 56 Squadron 9 July 1976 to 31 July 1992; No. 74 Squadron 19 October 1984 to 1 October 1992, with the ex-US Navy F-4J(UK).
McDonnell Douglas Phantom FGR2
Esquadrões nº 29, 56 e 111 da RAF1958–1976 · Royal Air Force. No. 111 Squadron 18 June 1958 to 30 September 1974 (Hunters, then Lightnings); No. 29 Squadron 10 May 1967 to 31 December 1974; No. 56 Squadron 21 January 1975 to 29 June 1976.
Iluminação elétrica inglesa, Hawker Hunter (Esquadrão nº 111, Flechas Negras)
479º Grupo de Caças, Força Aérea do Exército dos Estados Unidos1944–1945 · United States Army Air Forces, from about 15 May 1944 to about 23 November 1945; converted from the P-38 to the P-51 between 10 September and 1 October 1944.
Lockheed P-38 Lightning, North American P-51 Mustang
Esquadrões nº 107 e 110 da RAF1939–1942 · Royal Air Force, 2 Group. Flew the first RAF attack of the war, against shipping at Wilhelmshaven on 4 September 1939.
Bristol Blenheim IV

Tipos de aeronaves baseados aqui

Boeing AH-64E Apache, Westland Sea King HAR3, McDonnell Douglas Phantom FGR2, Iluminação elétrica inglesa, Hawker Hunter (Esquadrão nº 111, Flechas Negras), Lockheed P-38 Lightning, North American P-51 Mustang, Bristol Blenheim IV


Fama

What Wattisham Flying Station is known for

01

The Army’s Apache base

Both front-line attack helicopter regiments, 3 and 4 Regiments AAC, fly the AH-64E from here.

50 AH-64Es accepted by 6 March 2025; the operational fleet is at Wattisham, per the Ministry of Defence.

02

The first raid of the war

Blenheims from Wattisham attacked German warships at Wilhelmshaven the day after Britain declared war.

Of five No. 107 Squadron Blenheims despatched on 4 September 1939, only one returned.

03

Robin Olds and Hub Zemke

The American 479th Fighter Group flew P-38s and then P-51s from here in 1944–45.

Olds was credited with 12 German aircraft shot down and 11.5 destroyed on the ground with the group.

04

The Black Arrows

No. 111 Squadron’s black-painted Hunters were the RAF’s premier display team, based at Wattisham from 1958.

A world-record loop of 22 Hunters in formation at Farnborough in 1958.

05

Phantoms with a US Navy past

No. 74 Squadron flew second-hand US Navy F-4J(UK) Phantoms from here, a variant unique to it in the RAF.

19 October 1984 to 1 October 1992, the only RAF unit on the type.

06

Apaches at sea and in the Baltic

Wattisham’s regiments took the Apache to Helmand, onto HMS Ocean off Libya and to Estonia.

50,000 hours flown on operations in Afghanistan by April 2014.


Aprofunde-se

A versão longa

01Blenheims and the first raid of the warLer

RAF Wattisham opened on 5 April 1939 as a medium bomber station for Nos. 107 and 110 Squadrons and their Bristol Blenheims. On 4 September 1939, 29 hours after the declaration of war, bombers from Wattisham took off on the RAF’s first attack of the war, against German warships at Wilhelmshaven.

It went badly. Wikipedia’s history of No. 107 Squadron says that of the five aircraft it despatched only one returned, and that one still carried its bombs because it had not found the target. One Blenheim, N6189 flown by Flying Officer Herbert Lightoller, crashed into the cruiser Emden, causing slight damage but killing 11 of her crew and injuring about 30. Sergeant George Booth, a 107 Squadron navigator shot down that day, is described as the first British prisoner of war of the Second World War.

The Blenheim squadrons stayed until 1942, before the station was lent to the United States Army Air Forces in September 1942.

02The Americans: the 479th Fighter GroupLer

Under the Americans, Wattisham became a maintenance depot, officially called Hitcham, which Wikipedia says was responsible by 1944 for the maintenance of all American fighters in the UK. The 479th Fighter Group arrived around 15 May 1944 with P-38 Lightnings and flew its first mission later that month.

The group converted to the P-51 Mustang between 10 September and 1 October 1944. It received a Distinguished Unit Citation for destroying numerous aircraft on French airfields on 18 August and 5 September and for an air battle near Münster on 26 September 1944. Its second commander was Colonel Hubert ‘Hub’ Zemke, credited with 17.75 aerial victories, and one of its pilots was Major Robin Olds, credited with 12 German aircraft shot down and 11.5 destroyed on the ground.

The group left around 23 November 1945 and the RAF returned in 1946.

03Cold War fighter stationLer

Wattisham spent the Cold War on the front line of Britain’s air defence, holding fighters on quick reaction alert in rotation with other stations. Nos. 257 and 263 Squadrons flew Hunters here from 1954 to 1956. No. 111 Squadron arrived on 18 June 1958 with the Hunters of the Black Arrows, the RAF’s premier display team until 1961, whose world-record loop of 22 Hunters in formation was flown at Farnborough in 1958. The squadron converted to the English Electric Lightning and stayed until 30 September 1974; No. 29 Squadron flew Lightnings here from 1967 to 1974 and No. 56 Squadron from 1975 to 1976.

The Phantom followed. No. 23 Squadron flew the FGR2 from 25 February 1976 to 30 March 1983 and No. 56 Squadron from 9 July 1976 to 31 July 1992. From 19 October 1984 No. 74 Squadron flew the F-4J(UK), second-hand US Navy Phantoms unique to that squadron in RAF service. Bloodhound surface-to-air missile detachments of Nos. XXV and 85 Squadrons were here from 1983 to 1991.

The end of the Cold War ended the fighter era. No. 74 Squadron left on 1 October 1992, and RAF Wattisham closed on 31 October 1992. Wikipedia’s station history, the source for these dates, rests on printed squadron histories such as Jefford and Lake.

04The Army’s attack helicopter baseLer

The Army took the station over in September 1993. 3 Regiment AAC came from Soest in Germany that summer with 653, 662 and 663 Squadrons, and 4 Regiment, long based at Detmold, followed later in the 1990s. In 2005 the squadrons began converting from the Lynx to the Apache AH1, a licence-built AH-64D, and from 2006 Apaches flew in Helmand, Afghanistan, with 16 Air Assault Brigade; by April 2014 they had flown 50,000 hours on operations there.

In 2011 656 Squadron of 4 Regiment took its Apaches to sea. On 4 June it flew from HMS Ocean to strike a radar installation and a checkpoint near Brega in Libya, which the Defence Secretary, Liam Fox, called the first operational mission flown by British Army Apaches at sea. On 15 April 2019 663 Squadron of 3 Regiment left Wattisham for three months in Estonia, the type’s first deployment there.

The AH-64E replaced the AH1 from 2020. By January 2022 Wattisham had 14 of the new aircraft, with 36 more due; Wikipedia says 38 were with the two regiments by February 2024 and the AH1 was retired in March 2024. Defence Equipment and Support accepted the 50th and last on 6 March 2025. The station also housed B Flight of No. 22 Squadron RAF with search and rescue Sea Kings until 2015, and in 2018 Wikipedia counts 852 people in 3 and 4 Regiments and 429 in 7 Aviation Support Battalion REME.


Linha do tempo

Wattisham Flying Station, year by year

1939

5 April: RAF Wattisham opens as a bomber station. 4 September: its Blenheims fly the RAF’s first attack of the war.

1942

September: the station is lent to the USAAF; it becomes a fighter maintenance depot, officially named Hitcham.

1944

About 15 May: the 479th Fighter Group arrives with P-38s; it converts to the P-51 in September and October, and leaves in November 1945, after which the RAF returns.

1958

18 June: No. 111 Squadron, the Black Arrows, arrives; its 22-Hunter loop at Farnborough follows the same year.

1976

Phantoms arrive: No. 23 Squadron in February and No. 56 Squadron in July.

1984

19 October: No. 74 Squadron re-forms on the ex-US Navy F-4J(UK) Phantom.

1992

31 October: RAF Wattisham closes after No. 74 Squadron leaves on 1 October.

1993

September: the Army takes over; 3 Regiment AAC arrives from Soest with 653, 662 and 663 Squadrons.

2005

The squadrons begin converting from the Lynx to the Apache AH1.

2011

4 June: 656 Squadron of 4 Regiment flies the first British Army Apache strike from a ship, HMS Ocean, off Libya.

2019

15 April: 663 Squadron’s Apaches leave Wattisham for three months in Estonia.

2022

January: 14 AH-64Es are at Wattisham, with 36 more due by summer 2024.

2024

March: the Apache AH1 is retired and the AH-64E is declared operationally ready, according to Wikipedia.

2025

6 March: the 50th and last AH-64E is accepted; the Ministry of Defence confirms the operational fleet is at Wattisham.


Incidentes e histórias

O que aconteceu aqui?

4 September 1939

Five Blenheims out, one back

Twenty-nine hours after Britain declared war, No. 107 Squadron sent five Blenheims from Wattisham against German warships at Wilhelmshaven. Only one returned, still carrying its bombs because it had not found the target. Flying Officer Herbert Lightoller’s Blenheim, N6189, crashed into the cruiser Emden, killing 11 of her crew and injuring about 30. Sergeant George Booth, a navigator shot down that day, became the first British prisoner of war of the Second World War, according to the squadron’s Wikipedia history.

Wikipédia, guia de pesquisa

18 August–26 September 1944

A citation for the 479th

The 479th Fighter Group from Wattisham received a Distinguished Unit Citation for destroying numerous aircraft on airfields in France on 18 August and 5 September 1944 and in an air battle near Münster on 26 September, as it was converting from the P-38 to the P-51. Among its pilots was Major Robin Olds, credited with 12 German aircraft shot down and 11.5 destroyed on the ground; its commander Hub Zemke was credited with 17.75 aerial victories.

Wikipédia, guia de pesquisa

1958

Twenty-two Hunters in one loop

No. 111 Squadron moved to Wattisham on 18 June 1958 with the black Hunters of its display team, the Black Arrows, formed in 1956 by Squadron Leader Roger Topp. That year, at the Society of British Aircraft Constructors’ show at Farnborough, the team flew a world-record loop of 22 Hawker Hunters in formation. The Black Arrows remained the RAF’s premier team until 1961, and the squadron later flew Lightnings from Wattisham until 1974.

Wikipédia, guia de pesquisa

4 June 2011

Apaches at sea off Libya

Apaches of 656 Squadron, 4 Regiment AAC, flew from the helicopter carrier HMS Ocean to strike a regime radar installation and a military checkpoint near Brega during the NATO operation over Libya. The Defence Secretary, Liam Fox, called it the first operational mission flown by British Army Apaches at sea. The Ministry of Defence did not publish the number of aircraft involved.

GOV.UK

15 April 2019

First Apache deployment to Estonia

Apaches of 663 Squadron, 3 Regiment AAC, left Wattisham for three months in Estonia on Operation Cabrit, to train with NATO allies on Exercise Spring Storm and support the UK-led enhanced Forward Presence battlegroup, together with Wildcat reconnaissance helicopters. The Ministry of Defence said the deployment raised the UK presence in the Baltics to about 1,000 personnel.

GOV.UK


Localização

Wattisham Flying Station and its neighbours

Base aérea ativa Fechado ou reservado
Base próxima OACI Status Tipos baseados
Estação Voadora de Middle Wallop EGVP Ativo Boeing AH-64E Apache (training fleet), Airbus H135 Juno HT1, Grob Tutor T1, Supermarine Spitfire I
Estação Aérea Naval Real de Yeovilton EGDY Ativo Leonardo (AgustaWestland) AW159 Wildcat AH1
Força Aérea Real de Odiham EGVO Ativo Boeing Chinook HC6A

Perguntas e Respostas

Everything people ask about Wattisham Flying Station

What is Wattisham known for?
Today it is the British Army’s attack helicopter base, home of 3 and 4 Regiments Army Air Corps and their AH-64E Apaches. Before 1992 it was RAF Wattisham, a Cold War fighter station of Lightnings and Phantoms and, in 1939, the base from which Blenheims flew the RAF’s first attack of the Second World War.
Is RAF Wattisham still open?
Not as an RAF station. RAF Wattisham closed on 31 October 1992 and the Army took it over in September 1993. It is now Wattisham Flying Station, run by the British Army and working under the tri-service Joint Aviation Command.
How many Apaches are at Wattisham?
The Ministry of Defence has not published a count per base. It says the operational AH-64E fleet is at Wattisham and the training fleet at Middle Wallop, out of 50 aircraft accepted by March 2025, one of which was still in the United States for software testing.
Which regiments are based at Wattisham?
3 Regiment AAC (653, 662 and 663 Squadrons) and 4 Regiment AAC (656 and 664 Squadrons), both on the AH-64E, with 7 Aviation Support Battalion REME. Wikipedia also lists elements of the reserve 6 Regiment here; the Army places 6 Regiment at Middle Wallop.
Which fighters flew from RAF Wattisham?
Hunters in the 1950s, including No. 111 Squadron’s Black Arrows; English Electric Lightnings from 1958 to 1976; and Phantoms from 1976 to 1992, including No. 74 Squadron’s ex-US Navy F-4J(UK)s. Earlier, the American 479th Fighter Group flew P-38s and P-51s here in 1944–45.
Did Wattisham’s Apaches fly in Libya?
Yes. 656 Squadron of 4 Regiment, a Wattisham regiment, flew Apaches from HMS Ocean against targets near Brega on 4 June 2011, the first British Army Apache mission flown from a ship.
Is there a museum at Wattisham?
Yes, a volunteer-run airfield museum on the station, which Wikipedia says opens on Sundays from April to October. The Anglia Gliding Club also flies from the airfield.
Is Wattisham Flying Station still an active military air base?
Yes. Active (the Army’s attack helicopter base: 3 and 4 Regiments AAC with the AH-64E Apache; an RAF fighter station until 1992). The Army Air Corps (United Kingdom) operates it as British Army; 1st Aviation Brigade Combat Team (attack), under Joint Aviation Command.
What is the ICAO code of Wattisham Flying Station?
The ICAO code of Wattisham Flying Station is EGUW. The airfield sits at 86 m above sea level in Suffolk, England, at 52.1270 N, 0.9554 E.
How long is the runway at Wattisham Flying Station?
Wattisham Flying Station has one runway: 05/23, 2,423 m (7,949 ft), asphalt and concrete.
Which squadrons are based at Wattisham Flying Station?
Wattisham Flying Station currently hosts 3 Regiment Army Air Corps (653, 662 and 663 Squadrons) flying the Boeing AH-64E Apache, Westland (Boeing) Apache AH1 (2005–2024), Westland Lynx and Gazelle (to 2005); 4 Regiment Army Air Corps (656 and 664 Squadrons) flying the Boeing AH-64E Apache, Westland (Boeing) Apache AH1 (to 2024); 7 Aviation Support Battalion REME.
Which aircraft used to fly from Wattisham Flying Station?
Over its history Wattisham Flying Station has hosted No. 22 Squadron RAF, B Flight (—) with the Westland Sea King HAR3; Nos. 23, 56 and 74 Squadrons RAF (1976–1992) with the McDonnell Douglas Phantom FGR2, McDonnell Douglas F-4J(UK) Phantom (No. 74 Squadron); Nos. 29, 56 and 111 Squadrons RAF (1958–1976) with the English Electric Lightning, Hawker Hunter (No. 111 Squadron, Black Arrows); 479th Fighter Group, USAAF (1944–1945) with the Lockheed P-38 Lightning, North American P-51 Mustang; Nos. 107 and 110 Squadrons RAF (1939–1942) with the Bristol Blenheim IV.



Fontes e Leitura Complementar

Todos os fatos foram verificados.

Verificado em 30/09/2026.