Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force

战斗序列 · Netherlands

Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force

Commando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten · Koninklijke Luchtmacht

The Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force began with four pilots and one aircraft at Soesterberg in 1913, was all but destroyed in five days in May 1940, fought two colonial wars it could not win, scored its first air-to-air kill since 1940 over Serbia in 1999, and in 2026 is an all-F-35 fighter force that renamed itself for space and gave its F-16s to Ukraine and Romania.

国家标志The roundel: an orange centre inside rings of blue, white and red, red outermost
低能见度The same rings in subdued tones
52战斗机
7现役空军基地
1913创立
23已退役的类型
Photo: Defensie / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)
国家Netherlands创立1913地位积极的总部Breda指挥官André Steur
故事

The Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force story: four pilots, five days in May 1940 and a new name for space

1913–1939: four pilots, one Brik and a neutral country

Dutch military aviation began on 1 July 1913, when the army’s Luchtvaartafdeeling was set up at Soesterberg with four pilots and a single aircraft, the Brik; three French Farman HF.20s followed within months. The Netherlands stayed neutral through the First World War, and the small arm spent those years training pilots and opening airfields rather than fighting, at Arnhem, Gilze-Rijen, Venlo and Vlissingen among others. The interwar years were lean. Budgets were cut, and rearmament came late: the defence ministry dates a renaming to the Wapen der Militaire Luchtvaart to 1938, and in July 1939 the flying units became the Luchtvaartbrigade. On mobilisation in August 1939 the order of battle was largely home-built — 36 Fokker D.XXI fighters, 35 twin-boom Fokker G.I heavy fighters, 16 Fokker T.V bombers, Fokker C.V and C.X biplanes and Koolhoven FK.51s — with 17 American Douglas DB-8A attack aircraft. Some of these were good aeroplanes. There were simply too few of them, and too few trained crews to fly them.

May 1940: five days

When Germany invaded on 10 May 1940 the Dutch had about 155 aircraft, 125 of them serviceable and 74 of them biplanes. Surprise raids on the airfields wrecked much of the force on the first morning, and by that evening about 70 aircraft remained; of 28 serviceable D.XXIs, only eight were still airworthy when the fighting ended. The Dutch hit back hardest where the Germans were most exposed, at the airborne landings around The Hague and Rotterdam. The defence ministry credits the Dutch with destroying more than 220 German transport aircraft, and German Ju 52 losses across the whole campaign are put at 224 of the 430 committed — to fighters, anti-aircraft fire and crash-landings on fields and beaches alike. Claims for Dutch fighter pilots differ between sources. After Rotterdam was bombed on 14 May the main Dutch forces surrendered; more than 2,300 Dutch servicemen died in the May days. It was brave and brief, and it proved that courage cannot make up for a decade of neglect.

1940–1962: exile, the Indies and two colonial wars

Dutch airmen fought on under British command. Nos. 320 and 321 Squadrons were formed on 1 June 1940 by naval airmen who had escaped with their Fokker T.VIII seaplanes — naval units, strictly, and later the navy’s — and 322 Squadron, formed with Spitfires at Woodvale on 12 June 1943, is the air force’s own link to the RAF: it was credited with 108.5 V-1 flying bombs in 1944 and still flies today. In the East Indies the army’s air arm, the ML-KNIL, was overwhelmed by Japan in 1942; survivors re-formed in Australia with B-25 Mitchells and Kittyhawks. After 1945 those squadrons were turned against Indonesian nationalists, flying 40 P-51D Mustangs in the “police actions” of 1947 and 1948–49 — a war the Netherlands lost, and whose conduct is still debated. The ML-KNIL was dissolved in 1950. In 1960 twelve Hunters were shipped to Biak to defend Netherlands New Guinea; after the New York Agreement of 15 August 1962 they came home, and the territory went to Indonesia.

1953–1991: an independent service in NATO’s front line

The air force became an independent service in March 1953, with the royal prefix Koninklijke; sources differ on whether the day was the 11th or the 27th. American aid and Dutch licence production then built a large NATO force: Meteors from 1948, F-84G Thunderjets and F-84F Thunderstreaks, Hunters until 1968, 63 F-86K all-weather Sabres, F-104G Starfighters from 1962 to 1984 and 105 NF-5s from 1969 to 1991. The Starfighter purchase left a stain: in August 1976 Prince Bernhard, the Queen’s husband, was forced out as Inspector-General of the armed forces after being accused of taking about 1.1 million dollars from Lockheed. The F-16 replaced them all. The Netherlands ordered 213, built partly by Fokker, and took the first in June 1979. From the 1960s Volkel also carried NATO’s nuclear-sharing role, which Dutch governments have neither confirmed nor denied; the veil slipped in 2013 when former prime minister Ruud Lubbers spoke of 22 bombs there.

1993–2016: Srebrenica, the MiG-29 and Hawija

After the Cold War the F-16s went to war repeatedly. Over Bosnia from April 1993 they enforced the no-fly zone, and on 11 July 1995 two Dutch F-16s made the only attack NATO flew to save Srebrenica, bombing Serb armour outside the town before the strikes were called off under threats to Dutch hostages — the town fell and thousands were murdered, and the Kok cabinet resigned in April 2002 over the failure. On 24 March 1999, the first night over Yugoslavia, Maj. Peter Tankink shot down a Serbian MiG-29 with an AMRAAM, the first Dutch air-to-air kill since 1940; Dutch aircraft flew 1,194 sorties in the campaign. Afghanistan followed from 2002 to 2014, with more than 10,000 F-16 missions and one pilot, Capt. Michael Donkervoort, killed in 2006. Libya in 2011 was a no-fly-zone-only mission. Over Iraq and Syria the F-16s flew about 2,100 missions, and one of them, the strike on Hawija on 3 June 2015, killed at least 70 civilians — a fact Parliament was not told until 2019.

2013–2026: the F-35, the F-16’s afterlife and a new name

The F-35 was the most argued-over purchase in Dutch defence history. The Netherlands joined the programme in 2002 and once planned 85 aircraft; in September 2013 the government settled on 37 inside a 4.5 billion euro cap, and later decisions lifted the order to 52 in 2022 and 57 by 2025. The Algemene Rekenkamer followed the project for more than twenty years and summed up the Dutch position as a choice to board the bus or let it pass. The first operational F-35A landed at Leeuwarden on 31 October 2019, full operational capability followed on 26 September 2024, and the F-16 was retired the next day after 45 years. Twenty-four went to Ukraine and 18 to the F-16 training centre in Romania, which took ownership for one euro in November 2025. Dutch F-35s shot down Russian drones over Poland in September 2025. On 1 July 2025 the command was renamed Commando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten — the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force — to make space a full military domain.

When Germany invaded on 10 May 1940 the Dutch had about 155 aircraft, 125 of them serviceable and 74 of them biplanes.Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force · verified 2026-09-28
一览

The Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force in numbers

服务

本地名称
Commando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten (CLRS)The name of the command since 1 July 2025. The historic name Koninklijke Luchtmacht is kept: the ministry says the Commander of the Air and Space Force leads the Koninklijke Luchtmacht. Before the rename the command was the Commando Luchtstrijdkrachten (CLSK)
English name
Royal Netherlands Air and Space ForceUsed by the ministry’s English site since the 2025 rename; Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF) remains the common former name
创立
1 July 1913The army’s Luchtvaartafdeeling was set up at Soesterberg with four pilots and one aircraft. The air force became an independent service with the prefix Koninklijke in March 1953; sources give either 11 or 27 March
一部分
Netherlands Armed ForcesThe commander reports to the Chief of Defence (Commandant der Strijdkrachten). The Defence Helicopter Command, once a joint command, is part of the air and space force
总部
BredaDirectorates for operations, materiel logistics and maintenance, and personnel and business operations; four functional commands: Air Combat, Air Mobility, Defence Helicopter and Air Support
指挥官
Lt. Gen. André SteurCommander of the Air and Space Force since 14 April 2023
Minister of Defence
Dilan Yeşilgöz-ZegeriusAlso first Deputy Prime Minister in the Jetten cabinet; State Secretary Derk Boswijk

力量

人员
About 9,500 (2025)7,051 military, 1,349 civilian and 1,067 reservists, a total of 9,467, as given by Wikipedia from the ministry’s personnel page, which could not be retrieved for this dataset. In 2020 the figure was 8,291
战斗机

40 had been delivered by the end of 2024 and eight more were due in 2025; the rest arrive by 2028. The F-16 left service on 27 September 2024

直升机
  • AH-64E Apache — 28
  • CH-47F Chinook — 20
  • NH90 NFH — 19
  • AS532U2 Cougar — 12 to 17

All in the Defence Helicopter Command. Cougar counts differ between sources; 12 H225M Caracals are to replace them from 2030

Transport and tanker
  • A330 MRTT — 10 in the multinational pool at Eindhoven, 2 more ordered
  • C-130H and C-130H-30 Hercules — 4
  • Gulfstream — 1 government and command transport

The MRTTs are owned by NATO and flown by a Multinational MRTT Unit for six partner nations; the Hercules are to be replaced by the C-390 from late 2027

无人机
MQ-9A Reaper Block 5 — 8One system of eight aircraft and four ground stations, flown by 306 Squadron at Leeuwarden; weapons fully usable by 2028
教练
Pilatus PC-7 — 13131 Squadron at Woensdrecht; eight PC-7 MKX from May 2027. F-35 conversion training is done at Luke AFB, Arizona
Defence spending
NATO target of 3.5 per cent of GDP for core defence by 2035Agreed with all allies at the Hague summit on 25 June 2025, plus up to 1.5 per cent for resilience and related spending. A separate air force budget figure was not confirmed
空间
First operational radar satellite in orbitThe ministry marked the rename by pointing to the first Dutch operational radar reconnaissance satellite; Wikipedia lists one ICEYE SAR satellite with three more on order

基础设施

空军基地
  • Leeuwarden — F-35 (322, 323 Sqn), MQ-9 (306 Sqn)
  • Volkel — F-35 (312, 313 Sqn)
  • Eindhoven — C-130, Gulfstream, MRTT, EATC
  • Gilze-Rijen — Apache, Chinook, Cougar
  • Woensdrecht — PC-7, air depot
  • De Kooy — NH90
  • Deelen — helicopter training field, no based unit
如今具备喷气式飞机能力
2 fighter basesLeeuwarden and Volkel; Eindhoven handles the heavy transports and tankers
Closed or civil
  • Soesterberg — birthplace of the service in 1913, now home to the Nationaal Militair Museum
  • Twenthe — where 322 Squadron re-formed in 1946 and the NF-5 entered service
  • De Peel — airfield closed, guided-weapons group remains
Squadrons abroad
  • F-35 training detachment — Luke AFB, Arizona
  • 302 Squadron — Fort Hood, Texas, Apache and Chinook training
快速反应警报
Shared with Belgium since 1 January 2017The two countries take turns guarding Benelux airspace
Nuclear sharing
沃尔克尔Officially neither confirmed nor denied; former prime ministers spoke of about 22 B61 bombs in 2013 and a NATO parliamentary draft named Volkel in 2019
结构

How the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force is organised

One headquarters at Breda over four functional commands. Air Combat Command holds the F-35 bases at Leeuwarden and Volkel, Air Mobility Command the transport hub at Eindhoven, Air Support Command the training and depot base at Woensdrecht, and the Defence Helicopter Command every Dutch military helicopter. The commander reports to the Chief of Defence.

AS

Lieutenant General (luitenant-generaal)André SteurCommander of the Air and Space Force (Commandant Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten) · in office since 2023
Royal Netherlands Air and Space ForceCommando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten
总部

Commando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten

CLRS
Breda

The air force headquarters at Breda, with directorates for operations, materiel logistics and maintenance, and personnel and business operations. The Commander of the Air and Space Force reports to the Chief of Defence; the command took its present name on 1 July 2025.

前线

空战司令部

Leeuwarden and Volkel

The two fighter bases: Leeuwarden, with 322 and 323 Squadrons on the F-35A and 306 Squadron on the MQ-9A Reaper, and Volkel, with 312 and 313 Squadrons on the F-35A. The two share the Benelux quick reaction alert with Belgium.

运输

空中机动司令部

埃因霍温

The transport hub at Eindhoven: 336 Squadron with the C-130 Hercules and 334 Squadron with the government Gulfstream. The base also hosts the multinational A330 MRTT unit and the European Air Transport Command.

直升机

Defence Helicopter Command

Defensie Helikopter Commando
吉尔泽-里延

Every Dutch military helicopter: the Chinook, Cougar and Apache squadrons at Gilze-Rijen, the NH90 maritime helicopters at De Kooy, the exercise field at Deelen and 302 Squadron at Fort Hood in Texas. At Gilze-Rijen since July 2008.

Training and support

Air Support Command

Woensdrecht

The schoolhouse and workshop at Woensdrecht: 131 Squadron trains every Dutch military pilot on the PC-7, alongside the Royal Air Education and Training Center and the depot squadrons, 980 to 983, that overhaul the fleet.

在服役

What the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force flies today

每种收费类型都链接到其在《野兽之书》中的页面（如果存在）。. 统计的是登记在册的飞机数量，而不是某一天可用的飞机数量。.

类型 角色 在服役 自从 单位 笔记
洛克希德·马丁F-35A闪电II战斗机在服役 Multirole stealth fighter 52 2019 — 52 in service according to Wikipedia’s inventory; the ministry’s June 2025 progress report gives 40 delivered by the end of 2024, eight due in 2025 and a total of 57 by 2028.
General Atomics MQ-9A Reaper Block 5在服役 武装侦察无人机 8 — One system of eight aircraft and four ground control stations.
空客 A330 MRTT（多国 MRTT 机队）在服役 Tanker and transport 10 — Ten in the multinational pool and two more ordered, per Wikipedia’s inventory.

更多的

The aircraft are NATO-owned and shared by six nations; the Dutch share of flying hours is not a fixed number of airframes.
Lockheed C-130H and C-130H-30 Hercules在服役 战术运输 4 — Two C-130H and two stretched C-130H-30, registered G-273, G-275, G-781 and G-988.
Gulfstream G650ER在服役 政府和指挥运输 1 — One aircraft. The ministry’s own pages have described it as both a Gulfstream IV and a Gulfstream VI; Wikipedia gives a G650ER, which is used here.
Boeing AH-64E Apache Guardian在服役 攻击直升机 28 — 28 according to Wikipedia; the ministry does not publish the fleet size.
Boeing CH-47F Chinook在服役 Heavy transport helicopter 20 — 20 according to Wikipedia; the ministry does not publish the fleet size.
NHIndustries NH90 NFH在服役 Maritime helicopter 19 — 19 in service and three more ordered, per Wikipedia.
欧洲直升机公司 AS532U2 美洲狮在服役 Special operations transport helicopter 12 — Sources differ: Wikipedia’s current inventory gives 12, while 17 is the figure usually given for the fleet as delivered; the ministry’s type page does not publish a number.

更多的

UNVERIFIED which is current.
Pilatus PC-7在服役 基础教练 13 — 13 first-generation aircraft.
F-35A52
AH-64E28
CH-47F20
NH9019
PC-713
AS532U212
A330 MRTT10
MQ-9A8

已下单

类型 已订购 首批交付 笔记
洛克希德·马丁F-35A闪电II战斗机已下单 5 The balance of the 57 aircraft in the June 2025 progress report; the remaining aircraft are to be delivered by 2028.
Embraer C-390 Millennium已下单 5 2027 Bought together with Austria and Sweden to replace the C-130. First aircraft expected at the end of 2027 and the last in 2029, for 336 Squadron at Eindhoven.

更多的

The quantity is Wikipedia’s; the ministry page does not state it.
Airbus H225M Caracal已下单 12 2030 Replaces the Cougar in 300 Special Operations Squadron at Gilze-Rijen; deliveries from 2030, the last in 2032.
Pilatus PC-7 MKX已下单 8 2027 Selected in October 2024 with two simulators and signed in February 2025. First aircraft in May 2027; all aircraft, simulators and training aids by September 2027.
NHIndustries NH90 NFH (additional)已下单 3 2030 The ministry says it is buying a number of extra NH90s for 2030; Wikipedia gives three.
Airbus A330 MRTT (multinational pool)已下单 2 Two further aircraft for the NATO-owned pool, per Wikipedia’s inventory; the Dutch share is not a fixed number of airframes.
以前运营

Every type the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force has retired

23 types, from the Brik to the Boeing AH-64D Apache Longbow. 峰值数字是指飞机在整个服役期内接收的机身数量，而不是任何某一天的机队规模。.

类型 角色 顶峰 已上菜 被替换为 笔记
Boeing AH-64D Apache Longbow 攻击直升机 — — AH-64E Number UNVERIFIED; the whole fleet was rebuilt as AH-64E in 2025.
General Dynamics F-16A/B Fighting Falcon (MLU) 多用途战斗机 213 1979–2024 F-35A 213 bought in two orders, 102 then 111 (177 F-16A and 36 F-16B); 138 were upgraded to the Mid-Life Update standard by TWZ’s count (of 170 once planned), 108 by Wikipedia’s.
McDonnell Douglas KDC-10 Tanker and transport — — A330 MRTT Fleet size and entry date not confirmed from a primary source for this dataset.
Canadair NF-5A/B Freedom Fighter Light fighter-bomber and trainer 105 1969–1991 F-16 75 single-seat NF-5A and 30 two-seat NF-5B, delivered between 7 October 1969 and 20 March 1972.
洛克希德F-104G星式战斗机 Strike, reconnaissance and interceptor — 1962–1984 F-16 Total not confirmed from a primary source; hobbyist tallies give about 138 of all versions. UNVERIFIED.
共和F-84F雷霆战斗机和RF-84F雷霆闪光战斗机 战斗轰炸机和侦察机 204 1955–1970 NF-5 180 F-84F and 24 RF-84F.
Hawker Hunter F.4, F.6 and T.7 日间斗士 — 1955–1968 F-104G Total UNVERIFIED; Fokker built Hunters under licence for the Dutch and Belgian air forces.
北美F-86K佩刀战斗机 全天候拦截器 63 1955–1964 F-104G 57 US-built and six Fiat-built aircraft.
Republic F-84E/G Thunderjet 战斗轰炸机 200 1952–1956 F-84F Wikipedia gives 21 F-84E and 179 F-84G; a hobbyist tally gives 187, so the total lies between 187 and 200 depending on how transfers are counted.
North American P-51D Mustang (ML-KNIL) 战斗轰炸机 40 — — 40 received by the Netherlands East Indies army air arm; 26 were handed to Indonesia.
North American B-25 Mitchell 中型轰炸机 — 1942–1950 — Number UNVERIFIED.
洛克希德·哈德逊 海上巡逻 — 1940–1942 Mitchell Number UNVERIFIED.
Fokker D.XXI 战斗机 36 — — 36 on strength in August 1939; 28 serviceable on 10 May 1940, eight still airworthy at the end of the fighting.
Fokker G.I Heavy fighter 35 — — 35 on strength in August 1939; the count in May 1940 differs between sources.
Fokker T.V 中型轰炸机 16 — — 16 in August 1939.
Fokker C.V and C.X 侦察机和轻型轰炸机 53 — — 33 C.V and 20 C.X in August 1939.
Douglas DB-8A-3N Attack aircraft 17 — — 17 in August 1939.
Fokker T.VIII Torpedo and patrol seaplane 8 1940–1940 Anson and Hudson Eight escaped to Britain in May 1940.
Gloster Meteor F.4, T.7 and F.8 日间斗士 — 1948– 猎人 38 F.4 from 1948 and 160 F.8 by Wikipedia’s count, plus T.7 trainers; the F.8s were licence-built by Fokker. Hobbyist counts of the F.4 run higher. Total UNVERIFIED.
喷火式战斗机 战斗机 — 1943年— Meteor Number UNVERIFIED.
Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawk 战斗机 — — — Number UNVERIFIED.
Brik Early military aircraft 1 1913– Farman HF.20 The single aircraft of the new service in 1913.
洛克希德T-33 喷气式教练机 — — NF-5B Number UNVERIFIED.
空军基地

Where the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force flies from

黑色销钉是活动底座，空心销钉是已闭合的底座。. Allied and multinational units — the US Air Force munitions squadron at Volkel, the A330 tanker unit at Eindhoven and, until 1994, the American fighter squadron at Soesterberg — are listed with the base that hosts them and marked as allied. 没有公布机场数据的条目不带 PIN 码。.

活跃空军基地 关闭或预订点击图钉即可打开基础页面
根据 国际民航组织 地位 跑道 部队和飞机
De Kooy Naval Air StationNorth Holland (Noord-Holland) EHKD 积极的 03/211,275 mtarmac/concrete
  • 860 Squadron: NH90 NFH
DeelenGelderland EHDL 积极的 01/191,046 mtarmac/concrete —
埃因霍温北布拉班特省（Noord-Brabant） EHEH 积极的 03/213,000 米tarmac
吉尔泽-里延北布拉班特省（Noord-Brabant） 外排泄气体释放 积极的 10/282,768 mtarmac/concrete02/201,996 mtarmac/concrete
吕伐登弗里斯兰（Fryslân） EHLW 积极的 05/232,452 mtarmac/concrete09/272000米tarmac/concrete
沃尔克尔北布拉班特省（Noord-Brabant） EHVK 积极的 06L/24R3,024 mtarmac/concrete06R/24L3,027 mtarmac/concrete
  • 312 Squadron: F-35A闪电II
  • 313 Squadron: F-35A闪电II
  • 703rd Munitions Support Squadron (US Air Force)
  • 327 Squadron
  • 328 Squadron
  • 311 Squadron
  • 306 Photo Reconnaissance Squadron
Woensdrecht北布拉班特省（Noord-Brabant） EHWO 积极的 07R/25L2,442 米tarmac/concrete07L/25R2,180 mtarmac
苏斯特伯格乌得勒支 2008年关闭 —
  • Luchtvaartafdeeling
  • 32nd Fighter Squadron, US Air Force (Camp New Amsterdam): F-86F Sabre, F-100C Super Sabre, F-102A Delta Dagger, F-4E Phantom II, F-15 Eagle
  • 334 Squadron: Fokker F27 Friendship
  • 298 Squadron: 云雀三型
TwentheOverijssel EHTW 2007年关闭 05/232,406 m
Valkenburg NavalSouth Holland (Zuid-Holland) EHVB 2006年关闭 —
  • Navy maritime patrol aircraft (Marine Luchtvaartdienst): 洛克希德P-3C猎户座
De Peel林堡 EHDP 1993年关闭 — —
YpenburgSouth Holland (Zuid-Holland) 1992年关闭 — —

没有找到符合搜索结果的空军基地。.

战斗序列

Who is stationed where in the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force

按基地排列飞行部队，当前部队优先。. Where official pages and secondary sources disagree on a date or an aircraft variant, the unit note says so rather than choosing. Allied and multinational units say so.

Leeuwarden Air Base · EHLWAir Combat Command, Vliegbasis Leeuwarden
322 Squadron战斗机中队·现役
F-35A闪电II
323 Squadron (Air Combat Development Centre)Fighter squadron and tactics development centre · active
F-35A闪电II
306 SquadronRemotely piloted aircraft squadron · active
MQ-9A 死神无人机
Volkel Air Base · EHVKAir Combat Command, Vliegbasis Volkel
312 Squadron战斗机中队·现役
F-35A闪电II
313 Squadron战斗机中队·现役
F-35A闪电II
703rd Munitions Support Squadron (US Air Force)Munitions support squadron · allied
—
327 Squadron1951–
—
328 Squadron1951–
—
311 Squadron1951–
—
Eindhoven Air Base · EHEHAir Mobility Command, Vliegbasis Eindhoven
334 SquadronTransport squadron · active
Gulfstream G650ER
336 Squadron战术运输中队·现役
C-130H / C-130H-30 Hercules
Multinational MRTT Unit (MMU)Multinational tanker-transport unit · allied
空客A330 MRTT
314 Squadron1952年—
F-84G Thunderjet, F-84F Thunderstreak
315 Squadron1952–1970
F-84G Thunderjet, F-84F Thunderstreak
316 Squadron1952–1994
F-84G Thunderjet, F-84F Thunderstreak, NF-5A/B, F-16A/B Fighting Falcon
Gilze-Rijen Air Base · EHGRDefensie Helikopter Commando
298 SquadronTransport helicopter squadron · active
CH-47F“支奴干”直升机
300 Special Operations SquadronSpecial operations helicopter squadron · active
AS532 U2 Cougar
301 SquadronAttack helicopter squadron · active
AH-64E Apache
314 Squadron—
NF-5A/B, F-16A/B Fighting Falcon
Woensdrecht · EHWOAir Support Command, Vliegbasis Woensdrecht
131 SquadronFlying training squadron · active
Pilatus PC-7
De Kooy Naval Air Station · EHKDDefensie Helikopter Commando, Maritiem Vliegkamp De Kooy
860 SquadronMaritime helicopter squadron · active
NH90 NFH

没有符合搜索条件的单位。.

时间线

Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force milestones, 1914 to today

1913

1 July: the army’s Luchtvaartafdeeling is set up at Soesterberg with four pilots and one aircraft, the Brik; three Farman HF.20s follow within months.

1915

The Netherlands East Indies army starts its own flying service, the ancestor of the ML-KNIL, which takes that name on 30 March 1939.

1939

July: the Luchtvaartafdeeling becomes the Luchtvaartbrigade. On mobilisation in August the service fields Fokker D.XXI and G.I fighters, T.V bombers and C.V and C.X biplanes.

1940

10–14 May: the Luftwaffe destroys most of the air arm in five days; the Dutch account for more than 220 German transport aircraft. On 1 June naval airmen form Nos. 320 and 321 Squadrons in Britain.

1942

The ML-KNIL is overwhelmed in Java; survivors form NEI squadrons in Australia, No. 18 with B-25 Mitchells from April 1942 and No. 120 with Kittyhawks.

1943

12 June: 322 (Dutch) Squadron forms at RAF Woodvale with Spitfires.

1944

8 July: Flying Officer Rudy Burgwal of 322 Squadron claims five V-1s in one 90-minute flight; the squadron’s total reaches 108.5.

1946

27 September: 322 Squadron is re-formed as a Dutch unit at Twente.

1947

The ML-KNIL’s P-51 Mustangs, Mitchells and Kittyhawks fly in the first “police action”, Operation Product; the second, Operation Kraai, follows in 1948–49.

1950

The ML-KNIL is dissolved after the transfer of sovereignty to Indonesia; 26 Mustangs pass to the Indonesian air force.

1953

March: the air force becomes an independent service, the Koninklijke Luchtmacht; the exact day is given as 11 or 27 March.

1960

21 October: 322 Squadron flies the first Hunter sortie at Biak, Netherlands New Guinea.

1962

15 August: the New York Agreement ends the New Guinea dispute; the Hunters are withdrawn in October. The F-104G Starfighter enters service.

1969

7 October: the first Canadair-built NF-5 is delivered.

1976

26 August: Prince Bernhard resigns as Inspector-General of the armed forces over the Lockheed bribery affair.

1979

June: the first F-16 is delivered; 213 are eventually bought.

1995

11 July: two Dutch F-16s bomb Serb armour at Srebrenica before NATO calls off the strikes under threats to Dutch hostages.

1999

24 March: Maj. Peter Tankink shoots down a Serbian MiG-29 with an AMRAAM on the first night of Operation Allied Force.

2002

F-16s and a KDC-10 deploy to Manas, Kyrgyzstan, for Afghanistan; the mission lasts until 2014.

2013

17 September: the government commits to 37 F-35As inside a 4.5 billion euro cap.

2015

3 June: a Dutch F-16 strike on an Islamic State bomb factory in Hawija, Iraq, kills at least 70 civilians; Parliament is told in 2019.

2019

31 October: the first operational Dutch F-35A lands at Leeuwarden.

2024

26 September: the F-35 reaches full operational capability; 27 September: the F-16 is retired after 45 years.

2025

1 July: the command is renamed Commando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten, the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force. In September Dutch F-35s shoot down Russian drones over Poland; on 3 November 18 former Dutch F-16s pass to Romania for one euro.

战斗记录

Every war the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force has fought

记录中有出击次数和损失的地方都如实记录，没有记录的地方则保持空白。.

11冲突
1940第一的
0飞机失事
0被杀
  • The German invasion of the Netherlands 1940 The Luchtvaartbrigade fought the Luftwaffe’s invasion with about 125 serviceable aircraft, attacking the German airborne landings and their transport fleet
  • The defence of the Netherlands East Indies 1941–1942 The army air arm of the Netherlands East Indies (ML-KNIL) fought the Japanese invasion with bombers and fighters alongside Allied air units, then evacuated what it could to Australia
  • Dutch squadrons with the RAF 1940–1945 Dutch airmen who escaped in 1940 flew in their own squadrons within the RAF: two naval squadrons in Coastal Command and later the 2nd Tactical Air Force, and a Dutch Spitfire squadron from 1943
  • The Indonesian War of Independence 1945–1949 The ML-KNIL and air force transports supported Dutch attempts to restore colonial rule against the Indonesian Republic, flying ground attack, reconnaissance and transport, and supporting airborne raids
  • The defence of Netherlands New Guinea 1958–1962 An air force detachment provided the air defence of Biak from 1958; from 1960 322 Squadron’s Hunters formed the fighter element of a New Guinea air defence command

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摘自杂志

Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force news from Afterburner

Everything MiGFlug’s magazine has published on the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force and the aircraft it flies. 此列表会自动刷新——新的 Afterburner 文章将自动显示在此处。.

《Afterburner》中的所有故事

问答

Everything people ask about the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force

What is the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force called now?
Since 1 July 2025 the Dutch air force has been the Commando Lucht- en Ruimtestrijdkrachten (CLRS), in English the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force; the change was made at the Nationaal Militair Museum in Soesterberg to make space a full military domain. The historic name Koninklijke Luchtmacht is kept, and the defence ministry still describes the commander as leading the Koninklijke Luchtmacht. Before the rename the command was the Commando Luchtstrijdkrachten, and in English the service was the Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF), a name still widely used.
What aircraft does the Dutch air force fly in 2026?
The combat fleet is all F-35A闪电II: 52 in service and 57 on contract. The Defence Helicopter Command flies 28 AH-64E Apaches, 20 CH-47F“支奴干”直升机s, 19 NH90 NFH maritime helicopters and 12 to 17 AS532U2 Cougars. Transport and support aircraft are four C-130H大力神运输机, a Gulfstream, a share of the ten-aircraft multinational A330 MRTT pool at Eindhoven, eight MQ-9A 死神无人机 drones and 13 Pilatus PC-7 trainers.
Does the Netherlands still fly the F-16?
No. The F-16 was retired on 27 September 2024, the day after the F-35 reached full operational capability, after 45 years in Dutch service. The Netherlands bought 213 of them. Twenty-four were given to Ukraine, and 18 went to the European F-16 Training Center in Romania, which took ownership of them for a symbolic one euro in November 2025.
How many F-35s does the Netherlands have?
The June 2025 progress report to Parliament gives a total of 57 F-35As, with 40 delivered by the end of 2024, eight more due in 2025 and the rest by 2028. The order grew in steps: the government committed to 37 in September 2013, raised the total to 52 in 2022 and to 57 later. They fly with 322 and 323 Squadrons at Leeuwarden, 312 and 313 Squadrons at Volkel and a training detachment at Luke AFB in Arizona.
Why was the Dutch F-35 purchase so controversial?
Because it took twenty years, cost more than planned and shrank before it grew. The Netherlands joined the programme in 2002 expecting about 85 aircraft, and by 2013 could afford only 37 within a 4.5 billion euro cap; Parliament at one point voted against buying test aircraft. The Algemene Rekenkamer, the national audit office, followed the project for more than two decades, found errors in the US invoices, and summed up the Dutch position as a choice to board the bus or let it pass.
When did the Dutch air force begin?
On 1 July 1913, when the army’s Luchtvaartafdeeling was set up at Soesterberg with four pilots and a single aircraft, the Brik. It became an independent service, with the prefix Koninklijke (Royal), in March 1953; sources disagree on whether the day was 11 or 27 March.
What happened to the Dutch air force in May 1940?
It was almost wiped out in five days. On 10 May 1940 it had about 155 aircraft, 74 of them biplanes; by that evening about 70 were left, and only eight of 28 serviceable Fokker D.XXI fighters survived the fighting. It hit back hard at the German airborne landings: the defence ministry credits the Dutch with destroying more than 220 German transport aircraft. The army surrendered on 14 May after Rotterdam was bombed.
Were there Dutch squadrons in the RAF?
Yes, three. Nos. 320 and 321 Squadrons were formed on 1 June 1940 by naval airmen who escaped with Fokker T.VIII seaplanes; they flew Hudsons and later B-25 Mitchells. No. 322 (Dutch) Squadron formed with 喷火式战斗机s on 12 June 1943 and was credited with 108.5 V-1 flying bombs in 1944. 322 Squadron still exists and flies the F-35 from Leeuwarden.
What was the ML-KNIL?
The army air arm of the Netherlands East Indies, separate from the home air force. It fought Japan in 1941–42, re-formed in Australia with B-25 Mitchell沙 Kittyhawks, and after 1945 flew P-51 Mustangs against the Indonesian Republic in the two police actions. It was dissolved in 1950, and 26 of its Mustangs went to the Indonesian air force.
Did the Dutch air force fight in New Guinea?
It defended it. From 1958 an air force detachment guarded Biak, and from 1960 twelve 霍克·亨特s of 322 Squadron, shipped out on the carrier Karel Doorman, flew there as the fighter element of a New Guinea air defence command. When Indonesia prepared a full assault in 1962 the Dutch judged they could not hold, accepted the New York Agreement of 15 August 1962 and withdrew the Hunters in October.
Did a Dutch F-16 shoot down a MiG-29?
Yes. On 24 March 1999, the first night of NATO’s campaign against Yugoslavia, Maj. Peter Tankink flying an F-16AM from Amendola in Italy shot down the MiG-29 of Maj. Predrag Milutinović with an AMRAAM missile; the Serbian pilot ejected. It was the first Dutch air-to-air victory since the Second World War. The Dutch flew 1,194 sorties in the campaign.
What did Dutch F-16s do at Srebrenica?
On 11 July 1995 two Dutch F-16s made the only NATO air attack of the Srebrenica crisis, bombing Serb armour on the outskirts of the town after the Dutch battalion had requested air support. The strikes were then called off when the Serbs threatened to kill Dutch hostages and shell the refugees, and the town fell the same day. The failure to protect the enclave led the Dutch cabinet of Wim Kok to resign on 16 April 2002.
What was the Hawija strike?
On 3 June 2015 two Dutch F-16s bombed an Islamic State bomb factory in Hawija, Iraq; the secondary explosion killed at least 70 civilians by the coalition’s count and at least 85 by independent research. Parliament was told at the time that no Dutch involvement in civilian casualties was known, and the truth emerged only in October 2019. The government set aside 4.5 million euro for community projects in the town.
Does the Netherlands have nuclear weapons at Volkel?
The government neither confirms nor denies it. Volkel has carried NATO’s nuclear-sharing role for decades, and the F-35s based there took over all the F-16’s tasks in 2024. Former prime minister Ruud Lubbers said in 2013 that 22 American nuclear bombs were stored there, and a draft NATO parliamentary report in 2019 named Volkel among six European sites holding about 150 US B61 bombs before the reference was removed.
Where are the Dutch air force bases?
Leeuwarden (F-35 and MQ-9), Volkel (F-35), Eindhoven (transport, tankers and the European Air Transport Command), Gilze-Rijen (Apache, Chinook and Cougar), Woensdrecht (PC-7 training and the air depot) and De Kooy (NH90), with Deelen as a helicopter training field. Headquarters is in Breda. Soesterberg, where it all began, is no longer an air base; the site is home to the Nationaal Militair Museum.
Who commands the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force?
Lieutenant General André Steur, Commander of the Air and Space Force since 14 April 2023. He reports to the Chief of Defence and leads the service from its headquarters in Breda. The Minister of Defence is Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius.
How many people serve in the Dutch air force?
About 9,500. Wikipedia, citing the defence ministry, gives 9,467 for 2025: 7,051 military personnel, 1,349 civilians and 1,067 reservists. The figure has grown from about 8,300 in 2020.
What happened to the Dutch F-16s after retirement?
Most went to Ukraine and Romania. The Netherlands pledged its F-16s to Ukraine in 2023 and delivered 24; another 18 went to the European F-16 Training Center at Fetești in Romania, where Ukrainian and Romanian pilots train, and were transferred to Romania for one euro on 3 November 2025.
Does the Dutch air force fly drones?
Yes, eight MQ-9A 死神无人机s with four ground stations, flown by 306 Squadron from Leeuwarden. They were deployed to Romania in 2024 for intelligence gathering. They are being armed, and the ministry expects the weapons to be fully usable by 2028.
Which Dutch aircraft replace the C-130 and the Cougar?
The Embraer C-390 Millennium replaces the four C-130s, bought jointly with Austria and Sweden, with the first due at the end of 2027 and the last in 2029. Twelve Airbus H225M Caracals replace the Cougars of 300 Special Operations Squadron between 2030 and 2032, and eight Pilatus PC-7 MKX replace the PC-7 from May 2027.
Is the Defence Helicopter Command part of the air force?
Yes. The Defensie Helikopter Commando at Gilze-Rijen, once a joint command with the navy, is part of the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force. It flies the Apache, Chinook and Cougar from Gilze-Rijen and the NH90 from De Kooy for the navy, with 302 Squadron training at Fort Hood in Texas.
What was the Lockheed affair?
A bribery scandal that reached the Dutch royal family. A 1976 US Senate inquiry found that Lockheed had paid bribes abroad to sell aircraft, including the F-104星战斗机, and on 26 August 1976 Prince Bernhard, the Queen’s husband, was forced to resign as Inspector-General of the armed forces after being accused of accepting about 1.1 million dollars.
What fighters did the Dutch fly before the F-16?
After the war came the 格洛斯特流星, then the F-84G Thunderjet and F-84F Thunderstreak, the 霍克·亨特 until 1968, 63 F-86K Sabre all-weather fighters until 1964, the F-104G星式战斗机 from 1962 to 1984 and 105 Canadair-built NF-5s from 1969 to 1991. The F-16 replaced the Starfighter and the NF-5.
Who guards Dutch airspace?
The Netherlands and Belgium take turns. Since 1 January 2017 the two air forces have alternated Quick Reaction Alert for the whole Benelux, so the Dutch F-35s at Leeuwarden and Volkel and the Belgian fighters share one alert roster.
How much does the Netherlands spend on defence?
The Netherlands, like every NATO ally, committed at the Hague summit on 25 June 2025 to spend 5 per cent of GDP on defence by 2035, of which 3.5 per cent on core defence and up to 1.5 per cent on resilience and related spending. A separate air force budget figure was not confirmed for this page.

参考资料及延伸阅读

所有事实均已核实

Figures verified 2026-09-28. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.

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