Força Aérea da Letônia

Força Aérea da Letônia

Gaisa spēki

The Latvian Air Force (Gaisa spēki) was founded in the War of Independence on 7 June 1919, dissolved by the Soviet occupation in 1940 and restored in 1992 with biplanes at Spilve; today it has no fighters, flies UH-60M Black Hawks from the former Soviet base at Lielvārde, runs Latvia’s radars and ground-based air defence, and hosts the NATO fighters that guard its sky.

Marcação nacionalThe roundel: carmine red outside and at the centre, with a white ring between, the colours of the national flag
0Aeronaves de combate
2Bases aéreas ativas
1919Fundada
15Tipos aposentados
Foto: Anna Zvereva de Tallinn, Estônia / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)
PaísLetôniaFundada1919StatusAtivoSedeLielvārdeComandanteEdmunds Svenčs
A história

The Latvian Air Force story: born in 1919, dissolved in 1940 and host to NATO’s fighters at Lielvārde

1919–1920: born in a war, with captured aircraft

Latvia’s military aviation was born in the middle of its War of Independence. On 7 June 1919 First Lieutenant Alfrēds Valeika was ordered to form an aviation group for the new army, and its first aircraft were a Nieuport 24bis and Sopwith 1½ Strutters taken from German forces. Wikipedia dates the first flight to 5 August 1919 and the first bombing mission to 26 August; Britain sent more aircraft in December. By the armistice with Soviet Russia on 1 February 1920 Latvian aircraft had flown 69 combat sorties and 101 hours, according to the air force’s own history. A flying school followed on 20 January 1920. It was a small and improvised force, but it gave the service its founding date and its motto, Visu par Latviju — All for Latvia.

1921–1940: Spilve, VEF and the strongest air arm in the Baltics

Between the wars the air arm grew into something more serious. It became the Aviation Division in March 1921 and the Aviation Regiment in September 1926, with a network of airfields at Spilve, Krustpils, Daugavpils, Liepāja and Gulbene. Latvia bought abroad — 26 Gloster Gladiators, Bristol Bulldogs, 21 Letov Š-16Ls, Hawker Hinds, ten Stampe trainers and four Fairey Seal floatplanes, three of which flew about 6,000 km to England and back in 1936 — and built aircraft at home, at VEF and the Liepāja naval workshops. In 1939 the regiment had eight squadrons with 60 aircraft and 120 pilots, per mil.lv, and the air force still calls it the strongest in the Baltic states. It was not strong enough to matter: 30 Hurricanes, paid for in 1939, never arrived.

1940–1991: occupation, and a Soviet base at Lielvārde

The regiment never fought for its country. The Red Army entered Latvia in June 1940, and on 25 December 1940 the Aviation Regiment ceased to exist; the air force’s history says its aircraft were taken to the USSR and its people deported. Gladiators went into Soviet service, and some later into German hands as glider tugs; the Fairey Seals were destroyed by German bombs on 28 June 1941. For the next half century Latvia was Soviet air space. In 1969 the Soviets built an airfield near Lielvārde for an attack aircraft regiment; the 899th regiment moved there from Riga-Rumbula in 1980 and left for Russia in June and July 1993. That airfield would become the new air force’s home.

1992–2014: starting again with biplanes and gliders

The restored air force began from nothing. An Air and Air Defence Administration was set up on 24 February 1992 and the air force was re-established on 17 June 1992 at Spilve, the old Riga airfield. The departing Soviet forces left no aircraft, so its first fleet was six An-2 biplanes and four Mi-2 helicopters from civil aviation, then two L-410s given by Germany, six Wilga trainers and a stock of gliders. One L-410 crashed on 7 June 1995, killing both pilots, according to Wikipedia. The Aviation Squadron moved to Lielvārde in August 1994. Mi-8MTV and Mi-17 helicopters gave it a real rescue capability in the 2000s, an Air Defence Battalion trained on Swedish RBS-70s from 2000, and after NATO membership in 2004 the effort went into radars and the Air Operations Centre, opened in March 2009.

2014–2023: Black Hawks, radars and the NATO host

What Latvia chose not to buy defines its air force: it has never had fighters, and since 30 March 2004 its skies have been policed by allied jets under NATO’s Baltic Air Policing mission. Instead it invested in the ground. Lielvārde was rebuilt between 2007 and 2014, and the air force concentrated all its units there. In September 2018 the cabinet approved four UH-60M Black Hawks for EUR 175 million; the first two arrived on 11 December 2022, and the old Mi-17s went to Ukraine after Russia’s full-scale invasion. The base filled with allies: 20 US Army Apaches arrived in February 2022, and in May 2023 Latvia and Estonia chose IRIS-T as their joint medium-range air defence, the largest air defence investment in their history.

2024–2026: drones, air defence and allied fighters

Since 2024 the air force’s job has been measured in drones. On 1 March 2024 NATO air policing was flown from Lielvārde for the first time, by German Eurofighters, while Ämari was rebuilt. A Russian Shahed-type drone crashed in eastern Latvia that September; in 2025 an airspace zone along the border was closed, and in 2026 allied fighters shot down drones over Latgale in June and August. Lielvārde now hosts visiting Rafales, Turkish F-16s and, for the September 2026 elections, four German Eurofighters. The good news is real: a modern radar network, Black Hawks and IRIS-T arriving. The limits are too: Latvia’s own air force still has two to four modern helicopters, no fixed-wing combat capability, and depends on allies for the one thing most people expect an air force to do.

Between the wars the air arm grew into something more serious. It became the Aviation Division in March 1921 and the Aviation Regiment in September 1926, with a network of airfields at Spilve, Krustpils, Daugavpils, Liepāja and Gulbene.Latvian Air Force · verified 2026-09-29

À primeira vista

The Latvian Air Force in numbers

Serviço

Nome nativo
Gaisa spēkiThe name on mil.lv; the service belongs to the National Armed Forces (Nacionālie bruņotie spēki). Latvian is the only official language
Fundada
7 June 1919Army Aviation Group formed in the War of Independence; Aviation Regiment from 28 September 1926 (18 September on another mil.lv page); dissolved 25 December 1940
Restored
17 June 1992Air and Air Defence Administration formed on 24 February 1992; 17 June 1992 is the restoration anniversary
Sede
Lielvārde Air BaseNBS Aviācijas bāze, Rembates pagasts, Ogres novads
Comandante
Col. Edmunds SvenčsSince 4 September 2026; predecessor Col. Viesturs Masulis (2020–2026)
Ministro da Defesa
Raivis MelnisConfirmed by the Saeima on 29 May 2026 after Andris Sprūds resigned on 10 May

Força

Pessoal
No official strength figure was found; Wikipedia’s figure is unsourced and is not used here
Aeronaves de combate
NenhumAir policing is provided by NATO’s Baltic Air Policing mission since 30 March 2004
Helicópteros
  • UH-60M Black Hawk — 2 confirmed, 4 ordered

Wikipedia gives three in service. The Mi-17s went to Ukraine

Asa fixa
  • An-2 — 4 (Wikipedia)
  • Pelegrin Tarragon — 2 (Wikipedia)

Neither type is on the air force’s current equipment page

defesa aérea terrestre
RBS-70 with Giraffe radarsAir Defence Battalion since 1 March 2000; RBS-70 NG and Giraffe 1X ordered in 2022; IRIS-T SLM from 2026
Orçamento de defesa
EUR 1.559 billion (2025)3.45 per cent of GDP; EUR 1.768 billion planned for 2026; EUR 20 million went to drone capability in 2025

Infraestrutura

bases aéreas
  • Lielvārde (EVGA) — all Air Force units; RWY 18/36, 2,500 m

The only aerodrome listed for military use in the Latvian AIP

Historic airfields
  • Spilve, Riga — 1919–1940 and 1992–1994
  • Krustpils, Daugavpils, Liepāja, Gulbene — interwar network

Spilve is now a general aviation field and aviation museum

Vigilância por radar
Airspace Surveillance SquadronFormed 1 July 2004; Sentinel and PS-70 radars feed the Air Operations Centre at Lielvārde. Air Force radar detected a Russian aircraft violating Latvian airspace on 6 November 2023
Presença aliada
  • Baltic Air Policing detachments (Lielvārde 2024; visits 2026)
  • Spanish NASAMS battery at Lielvārde
  • Canadian CH-146 Griffons at Riga Airport since July 2024

All allied, not Latvian, units


Estrutura

How the Latvian Air Force is organised

One headquarters over five units, every one of them at Lielvārde: the Aviation Squadron, the Airspace Surveillance Squadron, the Air Defence Battalion, the Air Force Base and the Training Centre. Latvia has no fighters; its air force flies helicopters, runs the radars, the Air Operations Centre and the ground-based air defence, and hosts the allied NATO fighters that guard Latvian airspace. The Spanish NASAMS battery at Lielvārde and the Canadian CH-146 Griffons at Riga Airport are allied units, not Latvian.

ES

Colonel (pulkvedis)Edmunds SvenčsComandante da Força Aérea · no cargo desde 2026
Quartel-General da Força AéreaGaisa spēku štābs
Sede

Quartel-General da Força Aérea

Gaisa spēku štābs
Lielvārde

At Lielvārde, one of the services of the National Armed Forces; the 2017 restructuring made the former Aviation Base headquarters the Air Force headquarters. Col. Edmunds Svenčs took command on 4 September 2026 from Col. Viesturs Masulis, commander since 2020.

Vôo

Aviation Squadron

Aviācijas eskadriļa
Lielvārde

The air force’s only flying unit, formed at Spilve in 1992 with six An-2s and four Mi-2s and at Lielvārde since August 1994. Its UH-60M Black Hawks, the first two delivered on 11 December 2022, fly search and rescue at sea, medical evacuation, firefighting, transport and parachute drops; the Mi-17s went to Ukraine.

Vigilância aérea

Airspace Surveillance Squadron

Gaisa telpas novērošanas eskadriļa
Lielvārde

Formed on 1 July 2004. It operates Sentinel and PS-70 radars and runs the Air Operations Centre, opened in March 2009, which builds Latvia’s recognised air picture and controls the fighters that respond.

Defesa aérea

Batalhão de Defesa Aérea

Pretgaisa aizsardzības divizions
Lielvārde

Formed on 1 March 2000 after training in Sweden, with RBS-70 missiles and Giraffe radars; RBS-70 NG and Giraffe 1X were ordered in 2022. IRIS-T SLM, bought jointly with Estonia, is due from 2026; the ministry does not name the unit that will operate it.

Support and training

Air Force Base and Training Centre

Lielvārde

The Air Force Base runs airfield operations, navigation aids, weather, aircraft servicing and fire and rescue; the Air Force Training Centre was formed in March 2018.


Em serviço

What the Latvian Air Force flies today

Cada tipo de cobrança, com link para sua página no Livro das Feras, quando houver. Os números indicam as aeronaves registradas, não as aeronaves disponíveis em um determinado dia.

Tipo Papel Em serviço Desde Unidades Notas
Sikorsky UH-60M Black HawkEm serviço helicóptero utilitário de busca e salvamento 2 2022 Four ordered.

Mais

The ministry confirms the first two, which arrived on 11 December 2022; it said the other two would follow by the end of 2023, but no official page reached for this dataset confirms that they did. Wikipedia lists three in service and one outstanding. Range: 2–4.

Antonov An-2Em serviço Aeronaves leves de transporte e paraquedistas 4 1992 Four per Wikipedia, three of them refurbished (2016, August 2020, December 2021).

Mais

The An-2 is not on the air force’s current equipment page, so its status in 2026 is not officially confirmed.

Pelegrin TarragonEm serviço Ultralight trainer and observation aircraft 2 2022 Two contracted in September 2021 for delivery in 2022 and 2023, per Wikipedia; not confirmed on an official page.
An-24
UH-60M2
Tarragon2

Sob encomenda

Tipo Encomendado Primeira entrega Notas
Diehl IRIS-T SLM medium-range air defence systemSob encomenda 3 2026 Purchase order signed 30 November 2023 for about EUR 600 million, bought jointly with Estonia (umbrella agreement 11 September 2023). Deliveries from 2026.

Mais

The quantity of three fire units is from Wikipedia; the ministry gives no number and does not name the operating unit. A Baltic maintenance hub with Diehl Defence and Ripo Remonta Centrs was agreed on 16 March 2026. A ground-based system, not an aircraft.

Sikorsky UH-60M Black HawkSob encomenda 2 2022 Four ordered; the last two were due by the end of 2023. Their delivery is not confirmed on an official page reached for this dataset; Wikipedia says one of four is still outstanding.

Anteriormente operado

Every type the Latvian Air Force has retired

15 types, from the Nieuport 24bis to the Mil Mi-8MTV / Mi-17. Os números máximos representam as aeronaves incorporadas à frota ao longo de toda a sua vida útil, e não a força total da frota em uma data específica.

Tipo Papel Pico Servido Substituído por Notas
Mil Mi-8MTV / Mi-17 helicóptero de transporte e busca e salvamento UH-60M Black Hawk Wikipedia: two Mi-8MTVs acquired in the early 2000s and two more bought from the Ulan-Ude factory in 2004; four Mi-17s on strength in 2018.

Mais

Totals differ between its sections, so no single figure is given.

Gloster Gladiador Lutador 24 26 delivered; 24 in the fighter squadrons in 1939.
Buldogue de Bristol Lutador Gloster Gladiador Original total not confirmed; 11 were sold to Basque forces in 1936 and six remained in 1939.
Letov Š-16L Bombardeiro de reconhecimento 12 21 built for Latvia; up to 12 in service in 1939.
Hawker Hind (Latvian) Reconnaissance and trainer 2 Three delivered; two listed in 1939.
Stampe et Vertongen SV.5 Tornado Treinador 10 1936–1940 Ten shipped to Riga in September 1936.
Fairey Seal Naval reconnaissance floatplane 4 1934–1940 Four ordered in 1934.
VEF I-12 Trainer (Aizsargi aviation) 4 1938–1940 At least four for the Aizsargi (national guard) aviation regiment in 1938, per Wikipedia.
VEF I-16 (prototype) Prototype fighter 1 1940–1940 One prototype; some sources claim three.
PZL Mi-2 Helicóptero leve 4 1992– Four at the start, per the Aviation Squadron history and Wikipedia.
Deixe o Turbolet L-410UVP Transporte leve 2 1993– Two donated by Germany in 1993, per Wikipedia.
PZL-104 Wilga 35A Treinador e contato 6 1993– Six ex-DOSAAF aircraft from March 1993, per Wikipedia.
Gliders (LET L-13 Blaník, SZD-48-3 Jantar, LAK-12) Glider training 1992– About 20 Blaníks, three Jantars and three LAK-12s, per Wikipedia.
Nieuport 24bis Lutador 1919– Captured aircraft; numbers not given.
Sopwith 1½ Strutter Bombardeiro de reconhecimento 1919– Captured examples in 1919; Wikipedia adds three from Britain in December 1919.

bases aéreas

Where the Latvian Air Force flies from

Pinos pretos são bases ativas, pinos ocos são as bases que se fecharam. Lielvārde is Latvia’s only military airfield, and every fighter on it is allied: NATO’s Baltic Air Policing flew a full rotation from here for the first time from 1 March 2024, and in September 2026 four German Eurofighters deployed to guard the elections. Spilve in Riga, the air force’s airfield from 1919 to 1940 and again from 1992 to 1994, is now a general aviation field and aviation museum; Riga Airport hosts only an allied helicopter detachment.

Base aérea ativa Fechado ou reservadoClique em um marcador para abrir a página inicial.
Base OACI Status Pista Unidades e aeronaves
LielvārdeMunicípio de Ogre (Ogres novads), freguesia de Rembate EVGA Ativo 18/362.500 mcompósito de concreto e asfalto
  • Air Force Headquarters (Gaisa spēku štābs)
  • Aviation Squadron (Aviācijas eskadriļa): UH-60M Black Hawk, An-2 (per Wikipedia)
  • Airspace Surveillance Squadron (Gaisa telpas novērošanas eskadriļa)
  • Air Defence Battalion (Pretgaisa aizsardzības divizions)
  • Air Force Base (Gaisa spēku bāze)
  • Air Force Training Centre (Gaisa spēku mācību centrs)
  • German Air Force Eurofighter deployment: Eurofighter Typhoon
  • Spanish NASAMS battery
  • US Air Force rotational personnel
  • German Air Force Baltic Air Policing detachment: Eurofighter Typhoon
  • 1st Battalion (Attack Reconnaissance), 3rd Aviation Regiment, US Army: AH-64D/E Apache

Nenhuma base aérea corresponde a essa busca.


Ordem de batalha

Who is stationed where in the Latvian Air Force

Unidades voadoras por base, unidades atuais primeiro. The Aviation Squadron is the only Latvian flying unit; the German, Spanish, American and Canadian detachments at Lielvārde and Riga are listed too, each marked as allied, not Latvian. Where a type or a count rests on Wikipedia alone, the entry says so.

Lielvārde Air Base · EVGAForça Aérea da Letônia
Air Force Headquarters (Gaisa spēku štābs)Sede · ativa
Aviation Squadron (Aviācijas eskadriļa)Helicopter and transport squadron · active
UH-60M Black Hawk
Airspace Surveillance Squadron (Gaisa telpas novērošanas eskadriļa)Radar surveillance and air operations centre · active
Air Defence Battalion (Pretgaisa aizsardzības divizions)Defesa aérea terrestre · ativa
Air Force Base (Gaisa spēku bāze)Airfield support unit · active
Air Force Training Centre (Gaisa spēku mācību centrs)Unidade de treinamento · ativa
German Air Force Eurofighter deploymentTemporary fighter deployment · allied
Eurofighter Typhoon
Spanish NASAMS batteryGround-based air defence · allied
US Air Force rotational personnelRotational support · allied
German Air Force Baltic Air Policing detachment2024–2024
Eurofighter Typhoon
1st Battalion (Attack Reconnaissance), 3rd Aviation Regiment, US Army2022–2022
AH-64D/E Apache

Nenhuma unidade corresponde a essa pesquisa.


Linha do tempo

Latvian Air Force milestones, 1914 to today

1919

7 June: Lt Alfrēds Valeika is ordered to form the Latvian army’s Aviation Group; first flight 5 August, first bombing mission 26 August.

1920

20 January: military aviation school founded. 1 February: armistice with Soviet Russia after 69 combat sorties and 101 flying hours; peace treaty 11 August.

1921

March: the Aviation Park becomes the Aviation Division, with aircraft from Italy, Czechoslovakia and Britain.

1924

Five squadrons; airfields at Spilve, Krustpils, Daugavpils, Liepāja and Gulbene.

1926

28 September: the Aviation Division becomes the Aviation Regiment (18 September on another mil.lv page).

1936

Eleven Bulldogs sold to Basque forces; three Fairey Seals fly about 6,000 km to England and back; ten Stampe SV.5s arrive.

1939

Eight squadrons with 60 aircraft and 120 pilots, per mil.lv; 30 Hurricanes ordered and paid for, never delivered.

1940

June: Soviet occupation. 25 December: the Aviation Regiment officially ceases to exist; aircraft go to the USSR and personnel are deported.

1969

The Soviet airfield at Lielvārde is built for an attack aircraft regiment.

1992

24 February: Air and Air Defence Administration formed; 17 June: the Air Force is restored, flying An-2s and Mi-2s from Spilve.

1994

August: the Aviation Squadron moves to Lielvārde, vacated by the Russian regiment in 1993.

2000

1 March: the Air Defence Battalion is formed, trained in Sweden.

2004

Latvia joins NATO; Baltic Air Policing starts on 30 March; the Airspace Surveillance Squadron is formed on 1 July.

2009

March: the Air Operations Centre opens at Lielvārde.

2018

March: Training Centre formed. September: cabinet approves four UH-60M Black Hawks.

2022

February: 20 US Army Apaches arrive at Lielvārde. 11 December: the first two UH-60Ms arrive; Mi-17s go to Ukraine.

2024

1 March: NATO air policing is flown from Lielvārde for the first time, by German Eurofighters. 7 September: a Russian Shahed drone crashes in Rēzekne municipality.

2026

8 June and 14 August: allied fighters shoot down drones over Latvia. 4 September: Col. Edmunds Svenčs takes command. 24 September: German Eurofighters deploy to Lielvārde for the elections.


Histórico de combate

Todas as guerras em que a Força Aérea da Letônia lutou.

Missões e perdas onde constam nos registros, e um espaço em branco honesto onde não constam.

3conflitos
1919Primeiro
0Aeronave perdida
0Morto
  • A Guerra de Independência da Letônia 1919–1920 Reconnaissance and bombing with captured and British-supplied aircraft
  • A ocupação soviética da Letônia 1940 Did not resist; the government accepted the Soviet ultimatum and the regiment was dissolved
  • Defesa aérea da fronteira leste 2024–2026 Radar detection, air picture and control from the Air Operations Centre; ground-based air defence along the border

Abra o registro completo do combate


Os fabricantes

Who built the Latvian Air Force fleet

Cada empresa responsável pelas aeronaves desta página tem sua própria página: a história, cada tipo que construiu, os números e as outras forças aéreas que as operam.



Perguntas e Respostas

Everything people ask about the Latvian Air Force

What is the Latvian Air Force called in Latvian?
Gaisa spēki, "air forces", the name used on the armed forces’ site mil.lv. It is one of the services of the National Armed Forces (Nacionālie bruņotie spēki). Its motto, Visu par Latviju ("All for Latvia"), is inherited from the interwar air arm.
Does Latvia have fighter jets?
No. The Latvian Air Force has no combat aircraft. Latvian airspace is guarded by NATO’s Baltic Air Policing mission, flown by allied fighters from Šiauliai in Lithuania and Ämari in Estonia, and in 2024 from Lielvārde itself. Latvia’s own job is to watch the sky with radars, run the air operations centre that controls those fighters, and provide ground-based air defence.
What aircraft does the Latvian Air Force fly?
Its front-line type is the UH-60M Black Hawk: four were ordered and the first two arrived on 11 December 2022. Wikipedia also lists four An-2 biplanes and two locally built Pelegrin Tarragon light aircraft. The old Mi-8/Mi-17 helicopters were given to Ukraine after 2022.
How many Black Hawks does Latvia have?
Latvia ordered four UH-60Ms for EUR 175 million. The Ministry of Defence confirms the first two, which arrived on 11 December 2022 and were inducted at Lielvārde on 23 February 2023; the other two were due by the end of 2023. Official confirmation of those later deliveries was not found, and Wikipedia says three are in service.
Where is the Latvian Air Force based?
At Lielvārde Air Base (EVGA), a former Soviet airfield south-east of Riga and the only aerodrome listed for military use in Latvia’s AIP. All the air force’s units are there: headquarters, Aviation Squadron, Airspace Surveillance Squadron, Air Defence Battalion, Training Centre and the base unit. The restored air force started out at Spilve in Riga in 1992 and moved to Lielvārde in August 1994.
When was the Latvian Air Force founded?
Twice. The army’s aviation group was formed on 7 June 1919, during the War of Independence, and grew into the Aviation Regiment before it was dissolved after the Soviet occupation on 25 December 1940. The modern air force traces its restoration to 24 February 1992, when an Air and Air Defence Administration was set up, and celebrates 17 June 1992 as its restoration day.
Was Latvia’s interwar air force really the strongest in the Baltics?
That is the air force’s own claim on mil.lv. In 1939 it had eight squadrons with 60 aircraft and 120 pilots, according to mil.lv; Wikipedia counts about 130 aircraft by 1940 including trainers. The fighter force was built on 26 Gladiadores Gloster, and 30 Hurricanes ordered in 1939 were never delivered. It never fought: the Red Army occupied Latvia in June 1940.
Who commands the Latvian Air Force?
Colonel Edmunds Svenčs, from 4 September 2026, according to mil.lv. He succeeded Colonel Viesturs Masulis, who led the air force from 2020 to 2026. The minister of defence is Raivis Melnis, confirmed by the Saeima on 29 May 2026 after Andris Sprūds resigned.
What air defence is Latvia buying?
The German IRIS-T SLM medium-range system, bought together with Estonia: the purchase order was signed on 30 November 2023 for about EUR 600 million, and deliveries begin in 2026. The air force already operates RBS-70 short-range missiles with Giraffe radars. Spain has rotated a NASAMS battery to Lielvārde, but that system is Spanish, not Latvian.
Have drones been shot down over Latvia?
Yes, by allied fighters. NATO Baltic Air Policing jets shot down a drone over Latgale on 8 June 2026 and another near Rugāji on 14 August 2026; the Latvian armed forces later identified the August drone as Ukrainian, probably diverted by Russian electronic warfare. A Russian Shahed-type drone had crashed in Rēzekne municipality on 7 September 2024.



Fontes e Leitura Complementar

Todos os fatos foram verificados.

Dados verificados em 29/09/2026. As páginas da Ordem de Batalha são geradas a partir de um único conjunto de dados; se algum número aqui divergir de uma página do Livro das Feras, esta página é considerada a mais recente.

Photographs: Photo: Anna Zvereva from Tallinn, Estonia / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) · Photo (Tarragon in civil markings shown): JurisNoLaukiem / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) · Photo (L-410 in other markings shown): Airwolfhound from Hertfordshire, UK / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) · Photo (Wilga in civil markings shown): Łukasz Golowanow and Maciek Hypś, Konflikty.pl / Wikimedia Commons (Attribution) · Photo (Nieuport 24bis replica shown): Oren Rozen / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) · Photo (RAF 1½ Strutter shown): Nimbus227 / Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) · Royal Air Force Gladiator. San Diego Air & Space Museum Archives / Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) · Royal Air Force Bulldog. [[User:Ad Meskens|Ad Meskens You are free to use this picture for any purpose as / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) · Photo (Letov Š-16 shown): L’Aéronautique magazine / Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) · Photo: Le Pontential Aérien Mondial 1936 / Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)